The believers in the natural method argued that a foreign language could be self-taughtwithout translation or the use of the learner's native tongue if meaning was conveyeddirectly through demonstration and action. According to Franke, a language could best beself-taught by using it actively in the classroom. Learners would then be able to induce rulesof grammar, speaking began with systematic attention to pronunciation. Known wordscould be used to teach new vocabulary, using mime, demonstration and pictures.These natural language learning provided the foundation for direct method. Thereare some principles on direct method of English language teaching. First of all classroominstruction was conducted exclusively in the target language. Only everyday vocabularyand sentences .... were self-taught and the oral communication skills were built up in a gradedprogression organized around question and answer exchanges between teachers andstudents in small intensive classes. The grammar was self-taught inductively and newteaching points were introduced orally. Concrete vocabulary was self-taught throughdemonstration and pictures and abstract vocabulary was self-taught by association of ideas.Both speech and grammar were emphasised.
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