In terms of fuel cell chemical reaction is the reverse of electrolysis. In the process of electrolysis of water is split into hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through. Primary energy cells taken two substances transforming them into water. Thereby, in theory, the power of the energy put into will be liberated, but actually because of the losses over the course of physical chemistry and earned less energy. The fuel cells have a common principle described based on PEM fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane - fuel cells with proton exchange membrane) as follows:
At the anode surface oxidize hydrogen gas by electrochemical:
{ displaystyle 2H_ {2} to {+} + 4H 4e ^ ^ {-}} 2 H_2 to 4 H ^ + + e ^ 4 -
The electrons are released from the anode through the circuit electricity outside of the cathode. The proton H + moves in the electrolyte through the membrane is capable only for proton passes through the cathode combine with the oxygen available in the atmosphere (concentration 21%) and electronic form water:
{ displaystyle o_ {2} ^ {+} + 4H + 4e ^ {-} to {2} O} 2H_ O_2 + 4 + 4 H ^ + e ^ - to 2 H_2O
Total:
{ displaystyle 2H_ {2} + o_ {2} to {2} O} 2H_ 2 H_2 + O_2 to 2 H_2O
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