Risks to the Export Joining payment methods documentary credit, the exporter or meet the following risks: Upon receipt of L / C from NH notice, if the exporter examine the conditions certified from no closer, accept all requests disadvantage that exporters can not meet in the process of making documents later. When these requirements are not met, the issuing bank refuses the documents and non-payment. At that time, importers will have the advantage to renegotiate the price is outside the terms of the L / C and exporters will be at a disadvantage. In the documentary credit payment, the bank open L / C stand a commitment of payment to exporters when they produce the documents match the content of the L / C, bank works only with the documents specified in the L / C. Payment methods documentary credit requires absolute precision between the payment documents with contents specified in the L / C. Just a small mistake in the preparation of documents, exporters may be banks open L / C and the buyer find fault, to refuse payment. Consequently, the establishment of payment documents is an important step and very risky for exporters A payment documents matching L / C must meet the following requirements: Vouchers must conform to laws and trade practices that both countries buyers and sellers are applied and incorporated by reference in the L / C. The content and form of the payment documents must be made according to requirements out of L / C. The content and related data between documents not be in conflict, if there is a conflict between the documents from which one can not define clearly, Content belongs unified name, quantity, weight, price, total value, the name of the beneficiary ... for such vouchers will be bank refused payment because the documents that contradict each other . The voucher must be presented at the location specified in the L / C and the validity period of the L / C. In fact there are so many errors occur during the preparation of documents, frequently remains: Make vouchers misspelled, incorrect names and addresses of the parties, the carriers Vouchers incomplete in terms of quantity. The flaws on the surface voucher amount on the voucher exceeds the price value of L / C; the documents do not record the L / C, not the original marks; documents do not match or do not match the contents of the L / C terms of quantity, weight, description of goods ...; the documents do not comply with the provisions of the L / C in the port of loading and unloading, the carriers, the mode of freight ... All errors above are cause risks for exporters when making the payment documents. In addition, due to differences in customs, laws in every country so easily lead to errors when completing exporters of goods vouchers to bank payment application . 3. If exporters do not produce the documents match the L / C are all acceptable payment or may have been rejected, and exporters have to handle such cargo unloading, storage until the problem is resolved or to find new buyers, auctions or cargo on return to the country. At the same time, exporters have to bear these costs as overdue detention, storage fees ... while not know the position of the importer is going to agree or reject the goods because the documents contain errors . 4. If the issuing bank lost liquidity, even if the presentation is perfect, it is not being paid. 5. Letters of credit can be revocable issuing bank amended, supplemented or canceled at any time before the exporter to present the documents without the consent of the exporters. Risks with imports In documentary credit payment, the payment to the beneficiary bank only based on the presented documents that are not based on the inspection of goods. Bank checks only superficially true of vouchers, but not responsible for the internal nature of the documents, as well as the quality and quantity of goods. Thus there will be no guarantee for the importer that the goods will be exactly the order or not. The importer can get shoddy goods or damaged during shipping but must still repay the full sum paid to the issuing bank. When importers accept the documents of goods will be at risk motor risks. Documents from the first legal basis of the soundness of the goods. If the importer does not pay attention carefully check the documents (from error, question words, the number of vouchers, competent authorities shall issue the certificate ...) that accept the vouchers will be error losses and difficulties in the complaint later. A risk that importers are common line before the documents, the importer has not received the documents that the goods arrive in port. Ministry documents including bills of lading, bills of lading which is proof of ownership of goods to a lack of lading, the goods shall not be released. If the imported goods should fold immediately, it must arrange for the bank issuing a letter of guarantee issued to send the carrier to take delivery. To be sure to receive the goods, the importer must pay an extra fee for NH. Moreover, if the importer does not receive the goods as stipulated compensation will hold overdue vessel will arise. Risks for issuing banks in business open L / C, if the issuing bank checks no single level please open the L / C will lead to the acceptance of all the terms contained risks for banks in the future. When you receive the documents presented, if the issuing bank to pay or accept payment terms that draft without properly checking the documents, so the documents with errors, the importers did not accept it, you can not ask for money NH importer. Issuing Bank to make payments to beneficiaries under provisions of the L / C even in case the importer takes solvency or bankruptcy due to business losses. In the case before the documents, the issuing bank or accept payment request to the beneficiaries but not yet seen the documents. Without the prior approval of the import of the repayment, the issuing bank will be at risk if the documents contain errors, while importers do not accept and will not refund NH money from importers. If the L / C issuing bank does not provide complete sets of lading (full set off bills of lading) is an NK can get the goods to be presented only part of the consignment, while Payer goods issuing bank is committed by L / C. NH release may run the risk of not acting in accordance with UCP 500, which is to make a decision to refuse the documents exceed 7 bank working days, under the provisions of UCP 500 is less than 7 days. The risk to the bank notice advising bank is responsible to ensure that the letter of credit was true, and must verify signature, encryption (test key), of NH Phones released prior notice to exporters. Risks occur with NH NH notified when this notification a L / C counterfeit or modify an L / C has no effect while the bank has not confirmed the status of encryption or signature authorization of NH Open L / C. Risks for the bank confirmed if the documents presented are complete, the NH confirm exporters to pay for whatever is going to refund the money from the issuing bank or not. Thus, NH confirm the credit risk on the issuing bank. If the bank confirmed pay or accept payment term bills without checking the documents properly, so the documents sorry, NH releases not accept payment, the bank can not confirm the issuing bank demanding money. Risks to banks designated banks designated no responsibility for payment to the exporter before get money from the issuing bank. But in fact, on the basis of the documents presented, the designated banks often advances to exporters on condition of recourse to aid exporters, so the bank is at risk credit to the issuing bank or the exporter.
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