Toponymy term (places) first appeared in English in 1876. Since then, the term was gradually replaced by another term as Place-names. Places subject of much research science as history, geography, culture, tourism ..., but first and foremost linguists. The world could name many famous landmarks as George R. Stewart, Richard Coates (UK), Oliver Padel, Eilert Ekwall (U.S.), GPSmolicnaja, MVGorbanevskij and AVSuperanskaia (Russia) ... Every science study sites from own goals, its own approach.
fact, however, places the problem has been studied linguistics research world very soon. From the beginning of AD took place in Eastern origins stages. Actions primarily at this stage are recorded, collection, synthesis and interpretation of the reading, the meaning of place. Typically works hatred than 4,000 recorded sites, business Thuy pay on 20 000 referring sites, the number is interpreted as 2300 sites.
departments in the West began to study places to be studied many from the late nineteenth century, but in fact it has appeared before. In the Christian Bible also collected a lot of places. At the end of the nineteenth century, early twentieth century is the time of blooming of the study sites and has high theoretical nature. Typically the book "Geography etymology" (1835) by TA Gibson directed to a classified list of common words such as prefixes, suffixes in the complex of geographical names; book "From local and point or the future integrity illustration of the history, ethnography and geography education "(1864) Taylor's first SSAC; book" Places of learning "(1872) by JJ EGLI; book" Places of learning "(1903 ) by JW Nagh.
From the early twentieth century more in depth study of place names. For example, the book "The origin and development sites" (1926) by A. Dauzat, "The name, a survey of the place name" (1958) by George, "Practical study places" (1977) of PE Raper. There is also a series of works of the famous Russian first lay the foundation for the construction of systems theory to study places. It is EMMurzaev with "Trends research study places", A.Kapenko to work "desk for study places at the same age," or "The fundamental principles of research sites" of AIPopov, special Special works "Places are learning what" of AV Superanskaja has brought new directions for research sites, creating a certain value in the development of school places.
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