The basic structure of DNA:DNA is a nucleic acid molecule: bring the information chain activity encoding for mobile growth and development of the organic material including some viruses. DNA is often considered the material at the level of molecular chain mobile, taking the decision.In human cells DNA real is located in the cell nucleus.In human cells, the DNA is not the membrane enclosed nucleus remains in the cytoplasm. DNA's macromolecules are composed of two polynucleotide chains, linking them together and bending around a similar shaft a twisted ladder extraction. This structure is called a double helix structure. Each polynucleotide chain is made from the feces is the nucleotide. The single nucleotide segment linked together via phosphodiester link between the root path of the nucleotide phosphate root with the next nucleotide. Single nucleotide segment is composed of:a sugar molecule ribose an original phosphate a nucleobases. Only four kinds of nucleotides in DNA and these types differ in the composition nucleobases = > the name of the type of nucleotide derived from root nucleobases that it carries: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G). Where: A and G is the large sized pusine, C and T are smaller in size (Pyrimidine) In room two polynucleotide chains, the same molecules linked together by hydrogen bonds as additional principles: A link to T by two hydrogen bonds. G the link with C in 3 hydrogen bonds. The process of reproducing the DNA:Concept: is the process of duplicating DNA take place in the cell nucleus, in phase S of the intermediate term, this process created two chromatid of each chromosome preparation cell division. The process of duplicating DNA was conducted according to the supplemental guidelines and sales principles of conservation.Duplicating process takes place in three steps: B1: remove the DNA helix and creating three classes to copy. Under the effect of enzymes remove the twist, two single-circuit of DNA separated gradually creates three classes reprinted (figure Y) and to reveal the two circuits. Enzymes remove the spiral has two types as gyrase and helicase. Gyrase or topoisomerase functions do to stretch DNA molecules. As Helicase enzymes break the hydrogen bonding and separating the two circuits of the DNA molecule. B2: synthesis of the new DNA circuits. The enzyme DNA polymerase using nucleotides in the intracellular environment freedom to synthesize two additional vessels on two additional principles mould circuit. Because DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides to the 3 '-OH Group on the other hand, the process of synthesizing DNA in the 5 '-3 ' should be: on the 3 '-5 ' mold circuits, additional circuits are continuously synthesized in the 5 '-3 ' direction to three classes to copy. On campus the circuit 5 '-3 ' additional synthetic circuit interruption in the 5 '-3 ' (classes gradually 3 copy) make up the short paragraphs are, okazaki connected DNA ligase enzyme thanks together. B3: two DNA molecules are formed according to the principle of selling loss protection. The new vessels are combined the two single twist to it. Forming the DNA which has a new circuit of hờp from raw materials in the intracellular environment, while the other is the circuit of the original DNA. The process of duplicating DNA in prokaryotes and real human beings are taking place under a mechanism but there are fundamental differences as follows: In the human organism, DNA size should the duplications occur at many points, creating multiple units.In prokaryotes have only a double.In each of the units has two classes of medical letters reprinted from a starting point and be duplicated simultaneously in two directions.
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