Vietnam varied terrain: mountains, plains, coast and continental shelf, reflecting the historical development of geology, topography in the environment long monsoon, hot and humid, strongly weathered. The topography is lower from the Northwest - Southeast, which is clearly shown in the flows of major rivers. Hilly accounted for 3/4 of the territory, but mainly low hills. The terrain below 1,000 m up 85% of the territory. 2,000 m high mountain on a mere 1%. Vietnam hills form a large bow facing the Eastern Sea with 1,400 km length from the Northwest to the Southeast. The most massive mountain ranges are located in the west and northwest with top Franciscan highest Phang peninsula Indochina (3.143m). Nearer to the east, the mountain range is lower and ends with a coastal strip of lowland. From Hai Van pass to the South, the terrain easier. There is no long limestone mountain ranges that have large blocks of granite, sometimes rising to the height; the rest is the plateau of the Highlands in a row, raised the eastern edge of the Truong Son. Delta accounts for a quarter of the land area of mountains and hills separated into several areas. At the two ends of the country there are two large plains, fertile northern plain (Red River basin, large 16,700 km2) and the southern delta (Mekong River basin, large 40,000 km2). Located between two major deltas is a chain of small deltas, distributed along the Central Coast, from the plains of the Ma River basin (Thanh Hoa) to Phan Thiet with a total area of 15,000 km2.
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