Etiology
or viruses that cause pneumonia in children include respiratory syncytial virus (RSV Respiratory syncytial virus-), parainfluenza, influenza, and adenoviruses. In that RSV is the most human or pneumonia, especially in infants.
RSV is the main agent of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children, with the highest incidence in the age group 2-5 straight. Disease epidemics usually occur in winter and early spring, with about 40% of infants infected during the first exposure. Most children have been infected at least once either when the child turns 2 subtype.
The agent is the most important two parainfluenzae serotype 3 virus. Parainfluenzae type 3 usually infects young children and the clinical manifestations are not different from RSV. The disease mainly occurs in the spring.
Influenzae virus A and B can stand out in the winter virus outbreak. The virus frequently changes its surface antigen (hemaglutinin and neuraminidase) hinders the formation of a sustainable immunological status led to Children always susceptible to this virus. After a change of surface antigen proteins, flu epidemics occur often leads to complications of pneumonia.
Adenovirus infection occurs throughout the year and is the most common cause cause conjunctivitis and sore throat in small children. Of the 33 serotypes of Adenovirus, the type 3,7,11, and 21co can cause severe necrotizing pneumonia in young children, obstructive bronchiolitis (Bronchiolitis obliterans) can lead to death.
Enterovirus, Rhinovirus , coronavirus, herpesvirus, and cytomegalovirus rarely cause pneumonia in children.
Most cases of viral pneumonia are starting with the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections in a few days (rhinitis and cough).
in full development phase, but not as high fever children in bacterial pneumonia. Rapid breathing with intercostal concave withdrawn, and on the sunken breast quadrant, nostrils quivered, and the use of auxiliary respiratory muscles. Severe cases can have purple and exhausted, especially in young children. Purple and heavy grunting signal. Sigh moan is the result of the play does not completely bar in expiratory zone in an effort to maintain high pressure in the alveoli and alveolar collapse against young children.
Examination of the lungs that can detect tiny flashes moisture Iran spreading seeds or hiss, snore, but generally poor physical symptoms and nonspecific. It is difficult to distinguish between viral pneumonia or mycoplasma pneumonia bacteria.
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