Kidneys are the organs: in the human body that help filter waste products from the blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressureand red blood cell production in the body. While all humans are born with two kidneys, they can live normal, healthy lives with only one. A number of diseases can cause "kidney failure" (when the kidneys stop working) which can eventually result in death. In some cases, the only effective treatment is a "kidney transplant" – that is to say, the sick person receives a healthy kidney which has been removed in a surgical operation from either a person who has just died, or from a healthy, living person. In the case of the healthy, living person, this is possible because normally they can go on living a healthy life with their one remaining kidney. However, they may later have serious health problems themselves if their one remaining kidney is injured in an accident, or if they are infected with a disease which damages their own remaining kidney. In some cases people will donate a kidney to a sick family member or friendas a matter of charity in order to save that sick person's life. In other cases, peopleare offered large amounts of money to get them tosell a kidney for transplant to sick person whom they don't know or haven't ever met.
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