In ELT, every teacher chooses a def

In ELT, every teacher chooses a definite set of methods of enhancing students' speaking skills. Nowadays it is possible to use traditional and modern technologies either separately or in integration. Internet communication tools have begun to be used in education, especially in English language teaching. New technologies are supplementing traditional English teaching methods. Students learn faster and easier than before because of the use of technology in schools. If they are trained during their school years, they learn language and technology simultaneously. Learning English through the Web and using new trends in education in schools and colleges make students willing to learn the language. Web-based technologies and useful Internet sites provide new possibilities and latest trends for teachers and students.

English has become easier to learn than ever before with the availability of many sources to help people learn in an effortless and enjoyable way. Web-based learning is one of the fastest growing areas in education. It is widely accepted that advances in information technology and new developments in pedagogy provide opportunities to create well-designed, learner-centered, interactive, affordable, efficient, and flexible e-learning environments (Khan, 2005). For this reason, it could be suggested that internet-surfing is an alternative way to study English. Web-based technologies and useful Internet sites provide various new possibilities and latest trends for teachers and learners. Today it has become possible to enhance speaking skills with the help of tools such as Skype, e-mail, blogs, chats, and mobile devices.

To build effective communication skills students must learn to:

1. communicate using digital media and environments to support personal and group learning.

2. share information efficiently and effectively using appropriate digital media and environments.

3. communicate thoughts and ideas clearly and effectively to different audiences using various media and formats.

Basic communication skills are at the core of every organization. It is crucial that we as teachers help students build this vital set of 21st century skills. Everything depends on our ability to be creative and to use modern teaching methods. The following is a suggested list of such activities:

- Reading aloud

- Students give their thoughts on topic assigned by teacher

- Students listen to classmates’ thoughts and respond

- Oral diary; oral weekly report

- Group presentations on a completed project

- Oral book report

- Picture description

- Storytelling

- Chained storytelling

- Creating riddles

- Role play

- Debates

- Dramatic monologues

- Radio drama

- Jazz chants.

We can choose any methods in ELT because all of them help to develop speaking skills. It is possible to use them in integration or separately to get positive results.

As it was mentioned above, given the significant role of speaking, Bailey (2005) and Goh (2007) proposed methods to enhance the development of speaking by means of syllabus design, principles of teaching, types of tasks and materials, and speaking assessment.

Promoting speaking confidence, together with appropriate task design, was recommended for the English skills development of EFL/ESL learners (Bailey, 2005; Nunan, 2006; Patil, 2008; Trent, 2009; Zhang, 2009). Other out-of-class factors that enhanced participants’ speaking abilities included frequent listening to English materials, such as listening to music, watching movies, listening to the radio, watching television programs, and accessing multimedia websites. Previous studies supported the finding that speaking and listening skills were usually intertwined in terms of language learning and development (Noon-ura, 2008). In addition, suggestions for EFL learners’ speaking improvement included a variety of course activities, encouragement of more listening through the media, and seeking opportunities to speak in real situations. Moreover, practice and exposure to both listening and speaking activities in real-world situations appeared to be a practical method to promote speaking confidence (Songsiri, 2007).

Classroom interaction is also necessary and useful as an educational strategy to enhance speaking skills. The role of interaction in a classroom context in enhancing speaking skills comes from the understanding of its main types: teacher-learner interaction and learner-learner interaction, where negotiation of meaning and the provision of feedback are highlighted. Classroom interaction involves verbal exchanges between learners and teachers. Teachers should know that the learners need to do most of the talk to activate their speaking, since speaking skills require practice and exposure.

Some authors consider that, at the basic level, more emphasis should be placed on books and speaking ability, since learning is a step-by-step process and such competencies cannot be improved abruptly. English should be taught as language, as well as a subject, so that more time may be available for the students to perform various activities/exercises in a natural way. Some individual activities, such as speaking on a certain topic for a minute or so should be assigned to students in the beginning speaking stages. Students should be given motivation, encouragement, some psychological training, reassurance, and counseling for removing their shyness and fear of being laughed at by their classmates and scolded by their teachers. Teachers should also be trained not to discourage the students and to control the other students in order to provide a friendly and stimulating environment in the classroom.

Linguistic skills such as familiarity with grammatical structures, vocabulary, and phonetics should be emphasized by the teachers in the classroom. Students should develop the habits of listening to BBC, CNN and similar programs for the improvement of their speaking skills. Checking the students' language competency at various levels viva-voce as a compulsory part of the examination system may be included. There should be a balance between literature and language in reading materials, since presently they are more literature-oriented and lack language competency activities.

The problem of poor speaking ability is a crucial one in many countries and Russia is no exception. This is why Russian authors pay much attention to the issue of enhancing speaking skills of students because English has become very popular in our country and it is necessary to build communicative competence of learners. We can name such well-known researchers of this field as Zimnaya I.A., GalskovaN.D., Gez N.I., Passov E.I., Rogova G. V., Shchukin A. N., Skalkin V. L. and others. Some of them (Zimnaya I. A., Galskova N.D) highlight the necessity of integration of communicative and personal-pragmatist approach and offer to connect aspects of ELT with personal psychological characteristics of students. Others, like Gez N.I., Passov E.I., Rogova G. V., Skalkin V. L., discuss the role of modern teaching techniques like the development of skills of monological and dialogical speech, various verbal exercises, and different types of work with texts. Almost all Russian researchers mention the necessity of use of audiovisual means of learning and emphasize their importance in enhancing speaking skills. Teachers should create motivation for communication (Rogova G. V.) using various forms of dramatization/improvisation according to students’ interests. Shchukin A. N. highlights methods such as projects (role-playing, creative work like composition, translation, rendering. He also speaks about the necessity of computer and audio-visual technologies in enhancing speaking skills.

It is evident that foreign and Russian authors have many common views on the problem of enhancing speaking skills of modern students. In general, to improve the speaking ability of students, the following steps should be taken:

1. place more emphasis on the quality of study books at the basic level,

2. give enough time to speaking and phonetic drill of students,

3. no scolding but rather providing a friendly environment,

4. use practical and applicable strategies by teachers for students while speaking in English most of the time,

5. develop boldness and confidence in students to ask questions of their teachers,

6. no overcrowded classes,

7. awards and motivation for students,

8. encourage listening to CNN and BBC, keep up-to-date and constantly retrain teachers,

9. arrange various activities and balance in the courses with respect to literature and language.

If teachers take these rules into consideration and try to use them in their work, they will be able to build communicative competence of EFL speakers and improve their speaking ability.

Analyzing all the existing methods of enhancing speaking skills of today's students it became clear that those methods are not as difficult as they seem to be and every teacher can choose those that she considers more appropriate for her students according to their level of knowledge of English. In Russia like in many other countries we try to use modern technologies in ELT, including Internet-based techniques, listening to audio and video, creative tasks like role-playing, storytelling, describing pictures, and the like. All these,together with students’ interest in learning and their WTC, help teachers enhance speaking skills and make progress in ELT.

Kết quả (Anh) 2:

In ELT, every teacher chooses a definite set of methods of Enhancing Students' speaking skills. Nowadays it is im possible to use traditional and modern technologies separately or print hoặc integration. Internet communication tools have begun to be used in education, English language teaching Especially print. New technologies are supplementing traditional English teaching methods. Faster and Easier coal Students learn all before vì dùng printing technology schools. If chúng trained khi có school years, chúng learn language and technology simultaneously. Learning English through the Web and using new trends in education schools and colleges make print Students willing to learn the language. Web-based technologies and Internet sites ích POSSIBILITIES cung new trends and for teachers and Students Latest. English has to learn charcoal Ever Become Easier with the availability of the before many sources to help People learn in an effortless and enjoyable way. Web-based learning is one of the fastest Growing Areas in education. It is widely accepted Advances in information technology mà Developments print and new pedagogy to create well-cung Opportunities kế, learner-centered, interactive, affordable, Efficient, and flexible e-learning environments (Khan, 2005). For this reason, it could be suggested có internet-surfing is an alternative way to study English. Web-based technologies and various new ích cung POSSIBILITIES Internet sites and Latest trends for teachers and Learners. Today it has trở im possible to Enhance speaking skills with the help of tools như Skype, e-mail, blogs, chats, and mobile devices. To build effective communication skills phải Students learn to: 1. communicate using digital media and environments to support personal and group learning. 2. share information efficiently and effectively using the appropriate digital media and environments. 3. Clearly communicate thoughts and ideas effectively and using various media to khác Audiences and formats. Basic communication skills are at the core of every organization. It is crucial mà chúng Students as teachers help build this set of 21st century skills Vital. Everything depends on our ability to be creative and to use modern teaching methods. Những is a suggested list of such 'Activities: - Reading aloud - Students give có thoughts on topic gán by teacher - Students listen to Classmates' thoughts and Respond - Oral diary; weekly oral report - Group presentations on a completed project - Oral book report - Picture description - Storytelling - Chained storytelling - Creating riddles - Role play - Debates - Dramatic monologues - Radio Drama - Jazz chants. We can choose any printing methods ELT vì all of help to develop speaking skills added. It is im possible to use print add integration or separately to get positive results. As it was Mentioned above, given the significant role of the speaking, Bailey (2005) and Goh (2007) proposed methods to Enhance the development of speaking by means clustering of syllabus design , Principles of teaching, types of tasks and materials, and speaking assessment. Promoting speaking confidence, together with the appropriate task design, was recommended for the English skills development of EFL / ESL Learners (Bailey, 2005; Nunan, 2006; Patil, 2008; Trent, 2009; Zhang, 2009). Other out-of-class enhanced mà Factors Participants' Abilities included frequent speaking to English listening materials, như listening to music, watching movies, listening to the radio, watching television programs, and Accessing multimedia websites. Previous studies supported the finding speaking and listening skills là có Thường print terms of language learning intertwined and development (Noon-ura, 2008). In addition, suggestions for EFL Learners' speaking improvement included a variety of course hoạt, Encouragement of more listening through the media, and seeking real print Situations Opportunities to speak. Moreover, practice and exposure to listening and speaking hoạt cả real-world print Situations to be a practical method appeared, to Promote speaking confidence (Songsiri, 2007). Classroom interaction is cũng cần and ích as an educational strategy to Enhance speaking skills. The role of interaction in a classroom context Enhancing speaking skills Comes print from the understanding of its main types: teacher-learner interaction and learner-learner interaction, where negotiation of nghĩa and the PROVISION of feedback are highlighted. Classroom interaction involves verbal Learners and teachers giữa Exchanges. Teachers shouldnt Learners need to know rằng Most of the talk due to activate có speaking, since speaking skills require practice and exposure. Some authors như that, at the basic level, more emphasis on books nên đặt and speaking ability, since learning is a step-by-step process and such 'competencies can not be improved abruptly. Taught English nên as language, as well as a subject, vì be more time available for the garment to thực various Students Activities / exercises in a natural way. Some of the individual Activities, như speaking on a topic for a minute or Certain compared nên Assigned to Students in the beginning stages speaking. Students nên given motivation, Encouragement, some Psychological training, reassurance, and counseling for shyness and fear of Removing chúng being laughed at by có có Classmates and scolded by teachers. Teachers shouldnt be trained not to discourage cũng the Students and Students to control the other, để cung a stimulating environment friendly and in the classroom. Linguistic skills familiarity with grammatical structures như, vocabulary, and Phonetics nên Emphasized by the teachers in the classroom. Students develop the Habits shouldnt of listening to BBC, CNN and similar programs for the improvement of chúng speaking skills. Checking the Students' language competency viva-voce at various levels as a part of the Examination system Compulsory lẽ included. There shouldnt be a balance giữa literature and language print reading materials, since presently more literature-oriented chúng Lack language competency and Activities. The problem of poor speaking ability is a crucial one print many Countries and Russia is no exception. This is why Russian authors pay much attention to the issue of Enhancing English speaking skills of Students vì has trở very Popular in our country and it is to build Communicative competence in cần of Learners. We can name such 'well-known researchers of this field as Zimnaya IA, GalskovaN.D., Gez NI, EI Passov, rogova GV, AN Shchukin, Skalkin VL and others. Some of added (Zimnaya IA, Galskova ND) highlight the Necessity of integration of Communicative and personal-pragmatist approach and offer to connect with personal aspects of ELT Psychological Characteristics of Students. Others, like Gez NI, EI Passov, rogova GV, Skalkin VL, Discuss the role of modern teaching like the development of skills TECHNIQUES monological and dialogical speech of, various verbal exercises, and khác types of work with texts. Almost all Russian researchers mention the Necessity of use of audiovisual means clustering of learning and emphasize chúng Enhancing speaking skills Importance print. Teachers shouldnt create motivation for communication (rogova GV) using various forms of dramatization / improvisation theo Students' Interests. AN Shchukin như projects highlights methods (role-playing, creative work like composition, translation, rendering. He speaks about the Necessity am also computer and audio-visual of print technologies Enhancing speaking skills. It is Evident foreign and Russian authors mà have many common views on the problem of speaking skills of modern Enhancing Students. In general, To improve the ability of Students speaking, nên sau steps taken: 1. place more emphasis on the quality of study books at the basic level, 2. give enough time to speaking and phonetic drill of Students, no scolding but rather 3. Providing a friendly environment, 4. practical use by teachers and applicable strategies for students while speaking in English Most of the time, boldness and confidence develop printing 5. Students to ask QUESTIONS of chúng teachers, no overcrowded classes 6, 7 awards and motivation for students, 8. Encourage listening to CNN and BBC, keep up-to-date and Constantly retrain teachers, 9. Arrange hoạt and balance in the various courses with respect to literature and language. If teachers take những rules Into Consideration and try to use add trong work, chúng will thể build Communicative competence in of EFL speakers and Improve Their speaking ability. Analyzing all the existing methods of Enhancing speaking skills of today's it became clear mà Students methods are not as những As They Seem to be Difficult and every teacher can choose the appropriate những That She considers more for her Artist Students theo level of knowledge of English chúng. In Russia like many other print Countries try to use modern technologies chúng ELT print, Internet-based gồm TECHNIQUES, listening to audio and video, creative tasks like role-playing, storytelling, describing pictures, and the like. All These, together with Students' interest in learning and ask for their print WTC, speaking skills and help teachers make progress Enhance ELT print.