Conclusion The
high budget deficit and extend continuously for decades is a major cause as part
rising public debt burden in Vietnam. Since 2009 when economic growth deteriorates, given the right stimulus package large scale is an important factor pushing the debt ratio to GDP of Vietnam exceeded the average indicator of 50% of world GDP. Rising public debt will reduce the government's credit rating, thereby increasing the cost of borrowing. Rising public debt and interest rates rose while low economic growth will again increase the proportion of public debt to GDP. Ponzi risky games appear when governments borrow new debt just enough to cover the interest expense of the old debt. Meanwhile, funding only valid for the government is printing money. Printing money would increase inflationary pressures and force the central bank to tighten monetary. Monetary tightening inevitable increase in interest rates led to that this also means that the increase in interest payment burden on the budget. In this case, the monetary policy has been disabled and the new fiscal policy decisions are good causes general price level of the economy.
Meanwhile, the increase in the foreign debt of the government must not only face interest rate risk but also the exchange rate risk. Currency devaluation policies will inevitably increase the debt repayment obligations in the short term but help improve the state of the current account balance. However, if you continue to hold the exchange rate will not only further exacerbate the deficit of the current account balance, but also create incentives for an increase in new debt.
The study predicted that in the next year the public debt ratio to GDP of Vietnam will continue to
increase but will decrease in the medium term. This depends partly on the macroeconomic scenario but the most important is the state of the budget balance. Factors of economic growth or high inflation tax increase only reduces the debt to GDP ratio by reducing real effective interest rate on existing debt. Meanwhile, to reduce the ratio of debt to GDP in a sustainable way, the budget deficit must shrink and advance to the budget surplus. If in the future the government could cut 1 percentage point each year the budget deficit, the public debt ratio of Vietnam would be almost no concern for most of the economic outlook. Conversely, if the budget continues to be loosened, the public debt ratio will increase not be controlled even in conditions of very high economic growth.
Similarly, public debt safety thresholds should be considered as a indicators and it depends on the
ability to borrow new debt, printing money and the budget surplus of the government. If the new borrowing
of the government is limited and printing money is also limited due to inflation control targets, the ability to create budget surpluses in the future is an important economic base to help determine safety threshold of public debt. Real effective interest rate is also a factor in determining a motion limits of the current debt ratio. If the interest rate goes down, the real effective public debt safety limit might consider increasing interest rates but the real effective debt limit increase, the security forces must be reduced.
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