Both tissue transplants and organ transplants are used in the treatment of disease. Tissue transplants include the transplanting of skin, bones, and the cornea of the eye; Whereas organ transplanting includes replacing a kidney, heart, lung, or liver. Skin and cornea transplants are very common and successful, and have been performed for hundreds of years. In fact, there is evidence that skin transplants were done as early as 600 B. C in India. Organ transplants, on the other hand, are quite recent. The first heart transplant was performed by Dr. Christiaan Barnard in 1967 in South Africa. Many successful heart transplant operations was performed since then. In 1982, Dr. Barney Clark was the first to receive an artificial heart. Organ transplants are more difficult to perform than tissue transplants; Moreover, it is not always easy to find a suitable donor. Even if a healthy organ is found, the receiver's body may reject it. This latter problem is the major reason for lack of success with organ transplants. Doctors and researchers, however, are continuing to find new ways to combat all the problems and to make transplants safer and more available to people who need them Research into organ transplants continues all the time, though this research is not without problems. In addition to medical issues, there are moral, ethical, and legal issues to consider.
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