carbonates in process of reinforced concrete: the concentration of the calcium hydroxide solubility (Ca (OH) 2) in the holes of the concrete structure is the result of the cement hydration process helps keep the pH in the safe threshold of 12-13. The process of with the presence of carbonate CO2, water and Ca (OH) 2 form of calcium carbonates and neutralize the alkaline environment of concrete company: CO2 + H2O + Ca (OH) 2 → CaCO3 + 2H2O. After the neutralization process reduces the concentration of pH of the concrete company from time to time, break the membrane have passive protective effect (the thick lining 2-20 nanomét), accelerate the corrosion process, leading to the destruction of the structure. Corrosion process started when the steel rust appeared and developed on the surface and cause cracking in the location adjacent to the concrete, cracks developed steadily under the attack of corrosive agents until completely break the adhesive between concrete and reinforcement steel (Figure 1). The speed of the process chemical carbonates depends on the impact of the external environment factors such as humidity, temperature, CO2 concentrations and physical properties of concrete as alkalinity and permeability, ideal conditions promote chemical carbonates process activity is when the humidity level of 60-75%. Moreover, speed the process of ascending chemical concentrations when the carbonate CO2 in the air and increasing temperature, on the other hand the cement content is an important factor to increase alkalinity and slow the process of carbonates.
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