fair bet at craps. Almost all bets made atgambling casinos favor the house. In other words,the difference between the amount bet and thethe mean of the distribution of the payoff is a positivenumber. An exception is "taking the odds" at thethe game of craps, a bet that a player can make undercertain circumstances. The bet becomes availableWhen a shooter throws a 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10 onthe initial roll. This number is called the "point";When a point is rolled, we say that a point has beenestablished. If a 4 is the point, an odds bet can bemade that wins if a 4 is rolled before a 7 is rolled.The probability of winning this bet is 0.5 and thepayoff for a $10 bet is $20. The same probabilityof winning and payoff apply for an odds bet on a10. For an initial roll of 5 or 9, the odds bet hasa winning probability of 2/3 and the payoff for a$10 bet is $15. Similarly, when the initial roll is 6or 8, the odds bet has a winning probability of 5/6and the payoff for a $10 bet is $12. Find the meanof the payoff distribution for each of these bets.Then confirm that the bets are fair by showingthat the difference between amount bet and thethe mean of the distribution of the payoff is zero.
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