TESLA, Nikola (1856-1943), electrical inventor.Tesla was famous at the turn of the century for inventing the alternating current system still in use today. But his later inventions, documented in some 30 U.S. patents between 1890 and 1921, have never been utilized as Tesla intended despite their obvious potential for advancing in fundamental ways the technology of modern civilization. Among these the lost inventions: the disk-turbine rotary engine, the Tesla coil, electric energy magnifier, high-frequency lighting systems, the magnifying transmitter, wireless power, and the free-energy receiver. Born 1856, Yugoslavia. Educated at the polytechnic school at Graz and at the University of Prague. Worked as telephone engineer in Prague and Paris. Conceived the new type of electric motor having no commutator, as direct current. Motors have, but works on principle of rotating magnetic field produced by poly phase alternating currents. Prototype Constructed. Found, nobody interested in Europe. Emigrated to U.S. (1884). Worked briefly and unhappily with Thomas Edison.Established own lab and obtained patents on poly phase motors, dynamos, transformers for a complete alternating current power system. Well-formed alliance with George Westinghouse, who bought poly phase patents for $ 1 million plus royalty. With Westinghouse, engaged in struggle against Edison to convince public of efficiency and safety of AC over DC, and succeeded in getting Alternating Current accepted as the electric power system worldwide.Also with Westinghouse, lit the Chicago world's Fair, built Niagara Falls hydropower plant, and installed the AC-Alternating Current-systems at Colorado silver mines, and other industries. By the turn of the century was lifted to celebrity status comparable to Edison's as media promoted him along with the expanding electric power industry. Experimenting independently in Manhattan lab, developed and patented the electric devices based on superior capabilities of high-potential, high-frequency currents: Tesla coil, radio, high-frequency lighting, x-rays, electrotherapy. The lab suffered a fire. Rebuilt, and continued. The lab moved to Colorado Springs for about one year (1899). Built huge magnifying transmitter. Experimented with wireless power, radio, and earth resonance. Studied lightning. Created lightning. Returned to New York. With encouragement of financier J.P. Morgan, promoted a World System of radio broadcasting utilizing magnifying transmitters. Built huge tower for magnifying transmitter at Wardenclyffe, Long Island as the first station in the World System. Received enough from Morgan to bring station within sight of completion, then funds cut off, the project collapsed.Continued to invent into the 1920 's, but the flow of patents meager compared to earlier torrent, which amounted to some 700 patents worldwide. High-frequency inventions ignored by established technology, as were disk turbine, free energy receiver, and other inventions. Shut out by media except for birthday press conferences. At these conferences, microwaves, TVs, predicted beam technologies, cosmic-ray motor, interplanetary communications, and wave-interference devices that since have been named the Tesla howitzer and the Tesla shield. In the 1930 's, he was involved in wireless power projects in Quebec. Last birthday media appearance in 1940.Died privately and peacefully at 87 in New York hotel room from no apparent cause in particular. Personal papers, including copious lab notes, impounded by the U.S. Government, surfaced many years later at the "Tesla Museum", in Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Of these notes, only a fragment, "Colorado Springs Notes", has been published by the Museum.
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..