Thermal conductivity in insulators, ceramics andpolymers is mainly attributed to the phonon component. The solid is imagined to contain a phonon gassimilar to the electron gas in a metal. At the hot endof a solid the kinetic energy of the phonons isgreater than at the cold end. This energy is graduallytransferred from hot to cold by phonon–phononinteractions and by interactions between the phonons and the solid structure.
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