In this paper, we analyzed the kinematics of the vehicles involved in a lane changing/merging maneuver, and studied the conditions under which lane changing/merging crashes can be avoided. <br>That is, given a particular lane change/merge scenario, we calculated the minimum longitudinal spacing which the vehicles involved should initially have so that no collision of any type takes place during the maneuver.<br>Simulations of a number of examples were presented to demonstrate the results. <br>We assumed in our simulations that all vehicles, involved in the lane changing/merging maneuver, were initially at steady state, i.e., their velocities were constant prior to the maneuver. <br>Except for the merging vehicle, all vehicles keep their steady-state velocity during the merging maneuver.<br>Three different longitudinal acceleration scenarios—constant longitudinal velocity, switching longitudinal acceleration, and modified switching longitudinal acceleration—were applied to the merging vehicle in order to determine the safe and unsafe region as well as the MSS between the merging vehicle and its surrounding vehicles. <br>We observed that the switching scenario and the modified switching scenario expanded the safe region for lane changing. <br>Furthermore, by considering the longitudinal adjustment acceleration for the merging vehicle, we studied the possibility of moving from the unsafe region into the safe region. <br>Our results, together with appropriate sensors and equipment on the board of vehicles, could be used to assess the safety of lane changing maneuvers and provide warnings or take evasive actions to avoid collision.
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