When you think of auto racing, do y

When you think of auto racing, do you think of teamwork? Watch any
televised race, and the better majority of the camera time is dedicated
to the drivers and their cars. But in each of the three major
forms of auto racing, the driver is simply one member of a larger team
that works together to achieve maximum performance. And when
the driver wins, the team wins as well.
In the world of competitive auto racing, the drivers are the
sports’ rock stars. They’re courted by sponsors, adored by
fans, and portrayed as the subject of interview upon interview
by the racing press. And while it goes without saying that drivers
are absolutely essential to earning a trophy, racing enthusiasts,
teammates, and especially drivers will tell you that they
can’t win the race by themselves—it takes a successful team
to win a race.
Furthermore, while the driver is the most visible member of
the team and certainly the one responsible for guiding the car,
he’s not always calling the shots. The most successful teams rely
on multiple sets of eyes to assess track conditions and identify
opportunities to advance that drivers themselves can’t see from
the cockpit.
Ray Evernham, crew chief and team manager for Hendrick Motorsports’
DuPont car, describes teamwork this way: “We’re all
spark plugs. If one doesn’t fi re just right, we can’t win the race. So
no matter whether you are the guy that’s doing the fabricating or
changing tires on Sundays and that’s the only job responsibility
you have, if you don’t do your job then we’re not going to win.
And no one is more or less important than you.”1
While three of the major forms of professional auto racing—
NASCAR, Formula One, and rally car racing—each utilize different
vehicles, rules, and team structures, teamwork is the common
denominator among them.
What are the qualities of successful racing teams? Let’s take
a look.
NASCAR
NASCAR is the most widely known and watched racing sport in
the United States, and the popularity and success of Jeff Gordon
has more than a little to do with that. Gordon has the most wins
in NASCAR’s modern era, has the third-most all-time wins, and
has become a spokesperson for the importance of teamwork in
NASCAR racing.2,3
“My job to communicate is probably the most important
thing,” Gordon has said. “Because I’ve got to send a message
from the race car and the race track back to the team so that they
can make the proper adjustments.”
NASCAR has come a long way since its origins in the late 1940s
in racing stock cars purchased directly from auto dealerships. Today’s
NASCAR vehicles are custom fabricated from the ground
up, though their thin metal bodies are molded in the shape of
popular American sedans to refl ect the sport’s heritage. And
while most fans would be quick to point out the driver, manager,
and pit crew as racing team members, shop mechanics, parts fabricators,
and even aerodynamics experts are just as essential to a
team’s performance.
In his analysis of successful NASCAR teams, Robert Williamson
notes that an essential characteristic is a team’s sense of ownership
for all actions—“We won the race, we hit the wall, we had
a tire problem, we missed the setup for the track, we nailed that
pit stop,” rather than noting the success or shortcoming of an
individual.4
It’s impossible for a car to complete a NASCAR race without
multiple visits to the pit, and these pit stops are often the best
example of teamwork in the sport. Pit crew members practice routine
maintenance tasks like tire changes and refueling until they
can execute them with lightning speed and the utmost precision.
Aside from the skill and muscle memory of the pit crew members,
other teammates contribute by modifying parts and equipment
so they can be changed out in less time. In Sprint Cup racing,
NASCAR’s highest designation, pit stops that would take a single
Jiffy Lube mechanic twenty minutes or more to complete happen
in less than twenty seconds.5
Two-time Sprint Cup winner Jimmie Johnson cites the importance
of cohesive teamwork even before a car is assembled and
tested on the track. “If you really get inside each other’s heads, as
the car is developed, you’re looking to split hairs,” Johnson said. “If
you really know each other then, you know what each other is looking
for, you’ve built that foundation and belief on the teammates
[and] the engineers, you can split those hairs and get it right.”6
Formula One
Formula One drivers, team members, and fans have one quality
that sets them above all other racing participants: the need for
speed. Formula One vehicles are the fastest circuit racing cars in
the world, screaming down the track at top speeds as high as 225
miles per hour.
But there’s another buzzword that equally defi nes Formula
One racing: performance. Because of the high speeds racers
achieve and the intense G-forces drivers and cars are subjected
to, ensuring that Formula One cars perform effi ciently and successfully
throughout a race is literally a life-and-death matter.
The term formula refers to a strict set of regulations teams
must abide by when building their cars in order to keep the races
competitive. Unlike in other racing sports, Formula One teams
have been required to build their own chassis since 1981, so alCase
Study 17
Auto Racing
When the Driver Takes a Back Seat
© Crystal Alison Macleod/CSM/Landov LLC
C-35
though teams procure specialized engines from specifi c manufacturers,
they are primarily responsible for building their cars from
the ground up.
Each formula has its own set of rules that eligible cars must
meet (Formula One being the highest and fastest of these designations),
the idea being that these limitations will produce
cars that are roughly equivalent in performance. Of course, that
won’t always be the case, as teams work furiously to seek out
every last bit of effi ciency and performance while adhering to
sport guidelines.7
Team members often lean heavily on aerodynamics,
racing suspensions, and tires to achieve maximum
performance.
The McLaren team is one of the most successful Formula One
teams, and engineering director Paddy Lowe understands the behind-the-scenes
dynamics that helps great racing teams succeed.
Speaking on the challenge of incorporating a new component
into an existing car, he noted, “There weren’t actually that many
issues, but we kept experiencing a variety of failures with our new
exhaust system. We’d come into the circuit each morning thinking
we’d fi xed the problems of the previous day, only to be met with
a fresh series of trials the next day. Those days were very diffi cult
for the team.
“You have to factor in the skill of the team to work together in
a very short period of time to push in a completely different direction;
to understand all the different issues. The reliability, the performance,
the skills of the team, all the tools they’ve created over
the years—they all came through to our profi t. In those instances,
there’s not a big discussion about who’s going to do what; there
are very few instructions. Everybody moves seamlessly. They know
what they’ve got to do.”8
BMW Motorsport Director Mario Theissen put it simply:
“Teamwork is the key to success,” he said. “Of course the basis
is formed by a competitive technical package, but without a
well-integrated, highly motivated team, even the best car will not
achieve prolonged success.”9
Rally Car Racing
Whereas NASCAR and Formula One racers speed around a
paved track, rally car racing frequently heads off the circuit and
into territory that would make Dale Earnhardt step on the brakes:
Finnish rallies feature long, treacherous stretches of ice and snow.
The famed French Méditerranée-le Cap ran 10,000 miles from the
Mediterranean to South Africa. And the reputed Baja 1000 Rally
ran the length of the Baja California peninsula, largely over deserts
without a road in sight.
In rally car racing, drivers race against the clock instead of each
other. Races generally consist of several stages that the driver
must compete as quickly as possible, and the winning driver completes
all stages in the least amount of time.10
You could argue that of all racing sports, rally drivers are
the most reliant on teamwork to win. Unlike other forms of circuit
racing, not only is the driver not racing on a fi xed track,
but he does not get to see the course before the race begins.
Instead, he is wholly reliant on a teammate, the navigator, for
information on upcoming terrain. Part coach and part copilot,
the navigator relies on page notes (detailed information on the
sharpness of turns and the steepness of gradients) to keep the
driver on course from his place in the car’s passenger seat.11
Turkish driver Burcu Çetinkaya had already made a name for
herself as a successful snowboarder before she decided to take
up rally car racing at the age of twenty-four. “I grew up with cars,”
she said. “After visiting my fi rst rally when I was twelve, I made up
my mind to be a rally driver.”12
“The thing that hooked me about rally driving was working
together with a team for a common goal with nature working
against you,” she said. “I love cars, fi rst of all—I grew up with
them and I love every part of them. And I love competition. I have
been competing all my life. In a rally, these things come together:
nature, competition, teamwork and cars.”13
You Can’t Have One Without the Other
Though they may receive the lion’s share of the notoriety and
adulation, racing drivers are only one member of a larger team,
wherein every team member’s performance contributes to the
team’s success. The best drivers don’t let the fame go to their
heads. As Jeff Gordon—who knows a thing or two about success—put
it, “The only way I can do my job correctly is to be
totally clear in my mind and have 100% confi dence in every person’s
job that went into this team so that they can have 100%
confi dence in what I’m doing as a driver.”14

Kết quả (Anh) 1:

When you think of auto racing, do you think of teamwork? Watch anytelevised race, and the better majority of the camera time is dedicatedto the drivers and their cars. But in each of the three majorforms of auto racing, the driver is simply one member of a larger teamthat works together to achieve maximum performance. And whenthe driver wins, the team wins as well.In the world of competitive auto racing, the drivers are theSports ' rock stars. They're courted by sponsors, adored byfans, and portrayed as the subject of interview upon interviewby the racing press. And while it goes without saying that driversare absolutely essential to earning a trophy, racing enthusiasts,teammates, and especially drivers will tell you that theycan't win the race by themselves — it takes a successful teamto win a race.Furthermore, while the driver is the most visible member ofthe team and certainly the one responsible for guiding the car,He's not always calling the shots. The most successful teams relyon multiple sets of eyes to assess track conditions and identifyopportunities to advance that drivers themselves can't see fromthe cockpit.Ray Evernham, crew chief and team manager for Hendrick Motorsports 'DuPont car, describes teamwork this way: "we're allspark plugs. If one doesn't fi re just right, we can't win the race. ComparisonNo matter whether you are the guy that's doing the fabricating orchanging tires on Sundays and that's the only job responsibilityyou have, if you don't do your job then we're not going to win.And no one is more or less important than you. " 1While three of the major forms of professional auto racing —NASCAR, Formula One and rally car racing — each utilize differentvehicles, rules, and team structures, teamwork is the commoncommon denominator among them.What are the qualities of successful racing teams? Let's takea look.NASCARNASCAR is the most widely known and watched racing sport inthe United States, and the popularity and success of Jeff Gordonhas more than a little to do with that. Gordon has the most winsin NASCAR's modern era, has the third-most all-time wins, andhas become a spokesperson for the importance of teamwork inNASCAR racing. 2.3"My job to communicate is probably the most importantthing, "Gordon has said. "Because I've got to send a messagefrom the race car and the race track back to the team so that theycan make the proper adjustments. "NASCAR has come a long way since its origins in the late 1940sin racing stock cars purchased directly from auto dealerships. Today'sNASCAR vehicles are custom fabricated from the groundup, though their thin metal bodies are molded in the shape ofpopular American sedans to refl ect the sport's heritage. AndWhile most fans would be quick to point out the driver, manager,and the pit crew as racing team members, shop mechanics, parts fabricators,and even aerodynamics experts are just as essential to ateam's performance.In his analysis of successful NASCAR teams, Robert Williamsonnotes that an essential characteristic is a team's sense of ownershipfor all actions — "We won the race, we hit the wall, we hada tire problem, we missed the setup for the track, we nailed thatpit stop, "rather than noting the success or shortcoming of anindividual. 4It's impossible for a car to complete a NASCAR race withoutmultiple visits to the pit, the pit stops and these are often the bestexample of teamwork in the sport. Pit crew members practice routinemaintenance tasks like tire changes and refueling until theycan execute them with lightning speed and the utmost precision.Aside from the skill and muscle memory of the pit crew members,other teammates contribute by modifying parts and equipmentso they can be changed out in less time. In Sprint Cup racing,NASCAR's highest designation, pit stops that would take a singleJiffy Lube mechanic twenty minutes or more to complete happenin less than twenty seconds.Two-time Sprint Cup winner Jimmie Johnson cites the importanceof cohesive teamwork even before a car is assembled andtested on the track. "If you really get inside each other's heads, asthe car is developed, you're looking to split hairs, "Johnson said. "Ifyou really know each other then, you know what each other is lookingfor example, you've built that foundation and belief on the teammates[and] the engineers, you can split those hairs and get it right. " 6Formula OneFormula One drivers, team members, and fans have one qualitythat sets them above all other racing participants: the need forspeed. Vehicles are the fastest Formula One circuit racing cars inthe world, screaming down the track at top speeds as high as 225miles per hour.But there's another buzzword that equally defi nes FormulaOne racing: performance. Because of the high speeds racersachieve and the intense G-forces drivers and cars are subjectedto, ensuring that Formula One cars perform effi ciently and successfullythroughout a race is literally a life-and-death matter.The term formula refers to a strict set of regulations teamsmust abide by when building their cars in order to keep the racescompetitive. Unlike in other racing sports, Formula One teamshave been required to build their own chassis since 1981, compared alCaseStudy 17Auto RacingWhen the Driver Takes a Back Seat© Crystal Alison Macleod/CSM/Landov LLCC-35though teams procure specialized engines from specifi c manufacturers,they are primarily responsible for building their cars fromthe ground up.Each formula has its own set of rules that eligible cars mustmeet (Formula One being the highest and fastest of these designations),the idea being that these limitations will producecars that are roughly equivalent in performance. Of course, thatwon't always be the case, as teams work furiously to seek outevery last bit of effi ciency and performance while adhering toSport 7 guidelines. Team members often lean heavily on aerodynamics,Racing suspensions, and tires to achieve maximumperformance.The McLaren team is one of the most successful Formula Oneteams, and engineering director Paddy Lowe understands the behind-the-scenesdynamics that helps great racing teams succeed.Speaking on the challenge of incorporating a new componentinto an existing car, he noted, "There weren't actually that manyissues, but we kept experiencing a variety of failures with our newexhaust system. We'd come into the circuit each morning thinkingwe'd fi xed the problems of the previous day, only to be met witha fresh series of trials the next day. Those days were very diffi cultfor the team."You have to factor in the skill of the team to work together ina very short period of time to push in a completely different direction;to understand all the different issues. The reliability, the performance,the skills of the team, all the tools they've created overthe years — they all came through to our profi t. In those instances,There's not a big discussion about who's going to do what; Thereare very few instructions. Everybody moves seamlessly. They knowwhat they've got to do. " 8BMW Motorsport Director Mario Theissen put it simply:"Teamwork is the key to success," he said. "Of course the basisis well-formed by a competitive technical package, but without awell-integrated, highly motivated team, even the best car will notachieve prolonged success. " 9Rally Car RacingWhereas NASCAR and Formula One racers speed around apaved track, rally car racing frequently heads off the circuit andinto territory that would make Dale Earnhardt step on the brakes:Finnish rallies feature long, treacherous stretches of ice and snow.The famed French Méditerranée-le Cap ran 10.000 miles from theMediterranean to South Africa. And the reputed Baja 1000 Rallyran the length of the Baja California peninsula, largely over desertswithout a road in sight.In rally car racing, drivers race against the clock instead of eachother. The races generally consist of several stages that the drivermust compete as quickly as possible, and the winning driver completesall stages in the least amount of time.You could argue that of all racing sports, rally drivers arethe most reliant on teamwork to win. Unlike other forms of circuitRacing, not only is the driver not racing on a fi xed track,but he does not get to see the course before the race begins.Instead, he is wholly reliant on a teammate, the navigator, forinformation on upcoming terrain. Part coach and part copilot,the navigator relies on page notes (detailed information on thesharpness of turns and the steepness of gradients) to keep thedriver on course from his car's place in the passenger seat.Turkish driver Burcu Çetinkaya had already made a name forherself as a successful snowboarder before she decided to takeup rally car racing at the age of twenty-four. "I grew up with cars,"She said. "After visiting my fi rst rally when I was twelve, I made upmy mind to be a rally driver. " 12"The thing that hooked me about rally driving was workingtogether with a team for a common goal with nature workingagainst you, "she said. "I love cars, fi rst of all — I grew up withthem and I love every part of them. And I love competition. I havebeen competing all my life. In a rally, these things come together:nature, competition, teamwork and cars. " 13You Can't Have One Without the OtherThough they may receive the lion's share of the notoriety andadulation, racing drivers are only one member of a larger team,wherein every team member's performance contributes to theteam's success. The best drivers don't let the fame go to theirheads. As Jeff Gordon — who knows a thing or two about success — putit, "The only way I can do my job correctly is to betotally clear in my mind and have 100% confi files in every person's dencejob that went into this team so that they can have 100%dence confi files in what I'm doing as a driver. " 14

Kết quả (Anh) 2:

When you think of auto racing, do you think of teamwork? Watch any
televised race, and the better Majority of the camera time is dedicated
to the drivers and ask for their cars. But in each of the three major
forms of auto racing, the driver is simply one member of a larger team
works together to Achieve maximum mà performance. And khi
the driver wins, the team wins as well.
In the world of competitive auto racing, the drivers are the
sports' rock stars. They're courted by sponsors, adored by
fans, and portrayed as the subject of interview upon interview
by the racing press. And while it goes without Saying mà drivers
are absolutely essential to Earning a trophy, racing enthusiasts,
teammates, and Especially drivers will tell you mà chúng
win the race by không Themselves-it takes a successful team
to win a race.
Furthermore, while the driver is The Most visible member of
the team and certainly the one responsible for Guiding the car,
he's not always calling the shots. The most successful teams rely
on multiple sets of eyes to track conditionsEND_SPAN Assess and Identify
Opportunities to advance mà drivers Can not See Themselves from
the cockpit.
Ray Evernham, crew chief and team manager for Hendrick Motorsports'
DuPont car, teamwork diễn tả this way: "We're all
spark plugs. If one does not fi re just right, not win the race WE CAN. So
no matter Whether you are the guy that's doing the fabricating or
on Sundays thay tires and that's the only job Responsibility
you have, if you do not do your job then we're not going to win.
And no one is more or less Coal important, you. "1
While three of the major forms of auto racing- professional
NASCAR, Formula One, and rally car racing-each Utilize khác
vehicles, rules, and team structures, teamwork is the common
denominator Among Them.
What are the qualities of successful racing teams? Let's take
a look.
NASCAR
NASCAR is the widely known and watched nhất print racing sport
the United States, and the popularity and success of Jeff Gordon
has more than a little to due with that. Gordon has the nhất wins
NASCAR's modern era print, has the third-nhất all-time wins, and
has Become a spokesperson for the Importance of teamwork print
NASCAR racing.2,3
"My job is to communicate lẽ The Most Important
Thing, " Gordon has said. "Because I've got to send a message
from the race car and the race track back to the team vì chúng
can make the proper adjustments. "
NASCAR has come a long way since its origins in the late 1940s
racing stock cars purchased print Directly from auto dealerships. Today's
NASCAR vehicles are custom fabricated from the ground
up, though có thin metal bodies in the shape of molded Are
Cool to refl ect the American sedans sport's heritage. And
while nhất fans would be quick to point out the driver, manager,
and pit crew as racing team members, shop mechanics, parts fabricators,
and even level aerodynamics experts are just as essential to a
team's performance.
In his analysis of successful NASCAR teams, Robert Williamson
notes mà an essential characteristic is a team's sense of Ownership
for all actions- "We won the race, We hit the wall, We had
a tire problem, We missed the setup for the track, chúng mà nailed
pit stop, "rather Coal noting the success or shortcoming of an
individual.4
It's impossible for a car to complete a NASCAR race without
multiple visits to the pit, and the pit stops are often Do những the best
example of teamwork in the sport. Pit crew members practice routine
maintenance tasks like tire changes and Refueling off until chúng
can execute with lightning speed added and the utmost precision.
aside from the skills and muscle memory of the pit crew members,
other teammates Contribute by modifying parts and equipment
compared chúng thể changed less time to print out. In Sprint Cup racing,
NASCAR's Highest designation, pit stops would take a single mà
Jiffy Lube mechanic twenty minutes or more to complete happen
less coal print twenty seconds.5
Two-time winner Jimmie Johnson Sprint Cup cites the Importance
of cohesive teamwork thậm is before a car is assembled and
Tested on the track. "If you really get inside each other's heads, as
the car is Developed, you're looking to split hairs, "Johnson said. "If
you really know each other then, you know what each other is looking
for, you've built mà foundation and Belief on the teammates
[and] the engineers, you can split hairs and get it right những. "6
Formula One
Formula One drivers, team members, and fans have one quality
above all other add mà sets racing Participants: the need for
speed. Formula One circuit racing vehicles are the fastest cars in
the world, screaming down the track at as high as 225 top tốc
miles per hour.
But there's another buzzword defi nes Equally có Formula
One racing: performance. Because of the high tốc racers
Achieve intense G-Forces and the drivers and cars are subjected
to, Ensuring có Formula One cars thực Effi ciently and successfully
throughout a race is Literally a life-and-death matter.
The term Refers To a strict formula set of Regulations teams
phải Abide by khi có building cars in order to keep the races
competitive. Unlike other print racing sports, Formula One teams
required to build được Their Own chassis since 1981, compared alCase
Study 17
Auto Racing
Driver Takes a Back Khi Seat
© Crystal Alison Macleod / CSM / Landov LLC
C-35
though teams specialized engines PROCURE specifi c from manufacturers,
responsible for building chúng chính có cars from
the ground up.
Each formula has its own set of rules mà phải Eligible cars
meet (Formula One being the Highest and fastest of những designations),
the idea being mà những Limitations will tạo
cars được roughly equivalent print performance. Of course, that
will not always be the case, as teams work furiously to seek out
every last bit of Effi ciency and performance while adhering to
sport guidelines.7
Team members often Do Lean Heavily on aerodynamics,
racing suspensions, and tires to Achieve maximum
performance.
The McLaren team is one of the Most successful Formula One
teams, and engineering director Paddy Lowe understands the behind-the-scenes
dynamics mà great racing helps teams succeed.
Speaking on the challenge of a new component Incorporating
Into an existing car, he noted, "There were not many Actually mà
issues, but a variety of chúng kept Experiencing Failures with our new
exhaust system. We'd Come Into The circuit each morning thinking
chúng'd fi XED the problems of the previous day, only to be met with
a fresh series of Trials the next day. Those days were very diffi cult
for the team.
"You have to factor in the skill of the team to work together to print
a very short period of time to push in a direction completely khác;
to hiểu all the khác issues. The reliability, the performance,
the skills of the team, all the tools they've created over
the years-chúng all profi t Came through to our. In những instances,
there's not a big discussion about who's going to so what; there
are very few What instructions. Everybody moves seamlessly. They know
what they've got to do. "8
BMW Motorsport Director Mario Theissen put it simply:
"Teamwork is the key to success," he said. "Of course the basis
is formed by a competitive technical package, but without a
well-integrated, highly motivated team, thậm the best car will not
Achieve prolonged success. "9
Rally Car Racing
and Formula One racers NASCAR WHEREAS speed around a
paved track , rally car racing off the circuit and heads Frequently
Into Dale Earnhardt territory That would make a step on the brakes:
Finnish rallies feature long, treacherous stretches of ice and snow.
The Famed French Méditerranée-le Cap ran 10,000 miles from the
Mediterranean to South Africa . And the reputed Baja 1000 Rally
ran the length of the Baja California peninsula, largely over Deserts
sight print without a road.
In rally car racing, drivers race Against the clock thay each
other. Races consist of vài Generally rằng driver stages
as Quickly as Possible phải Compete, and the winning driver completes
all stages the least amount of time.10 printing
You could Argue của all racing sports, rally drivers are
the nhất Reliant on teamwork to win . Unlike other forms of circuit
racing, not only is the driver not racing on a track XED fi,
but he does not get to see the race course begins trước.
Instead of, he is wholly Reliant on a teammate, the navigator, for
information on Upcoming terrain. Part coach and part COPILOT,
the navigator relies on page notes (detailed information on the
sharpness of turns and the steepness of gradients) to keep the
driver on course from his place in the car's passenger seat.11
Burcu Cetinkaya Turkish hda driver already made ​​a name for
herself as a successful snowboarder decided to take the before SHE
up rally racing car at the age of twenty-four. "I Grew up with cars,"
SHE said. "After visiting my fi rst rally khi I was twelve, I made ​​up
my mind to be a rally driver. "12
"The Thing That hooked me about rally driving was working
together with a team for a common goal working with nature
Against you, "She said. "I love cars, fi rst of all-I Grew Up with
Them and I love every part of add. And I love competition. I have
all my life Competing được. In a rally, come together những things:
nature, competition, teamwork and cars. "13
You Can not Have One Without the Other
Though receive the lion's apparel chúng share of the notoriety and
adulation, racing drivers are only one member of a larger team,
every team member's performance wherein contributes to the
team's success. The best drivers do not let the fame go to ask for their
heads. As Jeff Gordon-who knows a thing or two about success-put
it, "The only way I can do my job đúng is to be
totally clear in my mind and have 100% confi dence in every person's
job mà Went Into this team compared mà chúng can have 100%
confi dence what I'm doing as printing a driver. "14