In its waste policy and legislation, the European Commission has set out a clear hierarchy of waste management options in its legislation. The hierarchy establishes preferred program priorities based on sustainability. To be sustainable, waste management cannot be solved only with technical end-of-pipe solutions; As this is realised, waste management as a whole is moving towards more integrated approaches. The hierarchy was first introduced in the Waste Framework Directive (75/442/EEC), and now is a component of all relevant Waste directives. Its implementation is guided by the consideration of the Best Practicable Environmental Option taking into account both social and economic costs.
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