In Vietnam, according to the law No. 23/2008/QH12 of Congress about the road traffic Law, issued on November 13, 2008, the ĐCT is defined as follows: "The highway is the road for motor vehicles, have a divider divides the road for the car to run separate two-dimensional; do not meet at the same level with one or the other way; the full layout of the equipment in service, ensure ongoing traffic, safety, shorten the time to cruise and only for the car, on the certain point ". Besides the concept of motorways of the law No. 23/2008/QH12 as on the standards of Vietnam (TCVN) States that:"The highway is a road type used for cars running with characteristics: separate the two (each way at least there are two lanes); each way has arranged emergency stop lane, on the full layout of the equipment, the facilities for ensuring continuous, secure transport, and facilities only for the car out into the in the specified point ". 2.2.2. the classification of high speed roadIn Vietnam the way high-speed cars are classified according to the type of high-speed Autoroute and the high-speed Autoroute level as follows:By road: type by design junctions are classified into two categories: category A motorway (Freeway): to the other intersection layout at all levels, on the highway, in every seat the highway junctions with the railroad, pipeline and other sugars (including dreads) and type B Expressway (Expressway) : Allow button layout delivered by in some place said onBy road: high speed level according to the speed of calculation Autoroute, Expressway was assigned to do four levels: level 60 have the computing speed is 60 km/h; 80 level calculation speed is 80 km/h; The computing speed of l00 level is l00km/h and 120 Level calculation speed is 120 km/h.2.2.3. The role and function of the high-speed Autoroute2.2.3.1. The role of the high-speed AutorouteThe role of the transport system in General and of the high-speed Autoroute in particular for the development of a nation, from the economic angle to the angle society can say is very clear and inevitable. Is an important part of endogenous factors in the infrastructure, the role of the highway is not just economic development, reducing costs, saving time, or far more than the difference between the gradually cleared, balance the price disparity between regions ... but also of the social value social security, important as contribute, create jobs and reduce traffic accident situation in the developing countries, including Vietnam. To have a holistic view of the role of the highway, the author introduced two high-speed Autoroute project went into operation as a witness to see the practicality of these roles.Firstly, ĐCT HCMC-TL (one part of the highway project in Ho Chi Minh City-Hanoi) will connect the two important economic area of our country is the southern key economic zone, centered in Ho Chi Minh City and the Mekong Delta with the Center is the city of can tho, so this project has an important role in promoting the Exchange and development support the economics between the two areas and between the provinces on the area together. Thanks to this that the entire ĐCT line the MEKONG DELTA are tighter cohesion with the TP. HCMC and Southeast provinces created important motivation to promote fast development of social-economic area.Currently, transportation roads in Ho Chi Minh City to the Mekong Delta provinces are made primarily through National Highway 1A (Cradle). On the Cradle from HO CHI MINH CITY. HCMC to CA Mau segment HCM-Cần Thơ is the largest car-traffic, especially paragraph HCM-Payroll, Central America. Car traffic on this segment grew not only because of the need to exchange the goods, that is also part of the current route of poisoning due to Highway 1A. The total number of lanes required for each line segment from 4 lanes to 8 lanes for the period 2015 according to the calculation, the plan outlined above is correct. This shows the extremely important role of online HCM ĐCT-TL.HCM ĐCT-TL with N1, N2 route, QL1 highways 30, 53, 55, 60, 63, 80, 92 forms the basic framework of the transportation network in the Mekong River Delta (MEKONG DELTA) to on the basis that continues to improve, the transport network development across the region. Thanks to the construction of the current exclusive status new from HCMC take the Mekong Delta provinces will be overcome, it contributes to enhancing the ability of security defense of the South.2.2.3.2. The function of the high-speed AutorouteTraffic is one of the important elements of the infrastructure-the Foundation of the development and of the increase of the value. Said a general overview, transport plays an important role not only economic development, but also the problems of social development, guaranteeing political, security and defense. Good transportation system, the new goods can move quickly, Zhou with cost reduction, as the basis for economic growth, development of the region and between regions to easily place, modernizing, new urban civilization can easily to remote areas. 2.2.4. Aspects to evaluate socio-economic benefits of HighwayBenefits of transport in General, high speed project in Vietnam in particular and especially ĐCT HCM-TL can say is obvious. These benefits include the economic benefits and social benefits-these two elements blend together without ever the delineation is also clear. Moreover, the benefits are not in rating the same time amplitude. Have these benefits can be noticed before the eyes, and the benefits are long term in nature. In recognition that the project ĐCT HCM-TL finished and are put to use, this chapter primarily analyses the economic benefits of this ĐCT at the angle of exploitation, that is, how to optimize it, make it yield the maximum economic value in current use status.
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