Overall, in 2007 the State Bank's monetary policy implementation is extremely difficult by unfavorable impact of foreign investment flows into Vietnam is too large during the year, together with the complicated changes in the prices of major commodities and the need for economic integration. Nevertheless, basically, operating monetary policy achieved monetary stability, support positive economic growth, create a favorable macro environment for economic development, but in 2008, implementation of monetary policy continues to face challenges due to foreign capital inflows continued to increase and the unpredictable fluctuations of international financial markets, with volatility of world prices. That requires the central bank to continue tight monetary policy implementation and the need for long-term solutions to reduce to the minimum the adverse impact of the challenges faced.
Commenting on the exchange rate in 2008:
2008 is considered the year in which most volatile exchange rate, when that rate is the central bank to ease amplitude 3 times within 1 year. The first was in February 2/2008, where remittances poured in to the Lunar New Year has led USD in system volume increases. While state banks are implementing tighter monetary policy and did not purchase dollars which allowed easing exchange rate USD / VND from 0.75% / year by 1% / year in the day 10/03 / 2008.
Following that, on 06.27.2008, the central bank continued to ease range from 1% to +/- 2% and controlled the currency exchange desk as foreign currency fever due to demand increase Currency of the import-export business increases, plus the concern about scarce dollars by speculators launched. Shortly thereafter, the central bank has intervened in time in the foreign exchange market when announcing forex reserves at USD 20.7 billion to negative rumors scarce foreign exchange. This is also the period when the price of VND / USD volatility in the market when the first rate turn around at 15,000 and 16,000 VND / 1 USD so that in just 5 short months this figure close hitting 19,500 VND.
07.11.2008, again forced the central bank to loosen exchange rate from 2% to 3% increase due to the wave of foreign divestment on the stock market plus the impact of the Gold buying pirated after the state decided not to allow the import of gold. Earlier, the central bank has also implemented the exchange rate USD / VND inter-bank up to 16,517 VND / 1 USD.
Bank launched state policy on exchange rate:
In 2008, the central bank adjusted the minutes 3 times exchange rate, from ± 0.75% to ± 1 of 2008 dated 10.03.2008%, from ± 1% to ± 2% and ± 3% 27/06/2008 day on day 11.07.2008.
The first quarter of 2008, on the interbank market, the USD / VND tends to decrease but not too strong, from 16,112 VND / USD 1 at day 2/1/2008 to 15,960 VND / USD 1 on the day 27/3 / 2008, also on the free market, the price then was from 15700-15800 VND / USD. The first quarter of 2008, on the interbank market, the USD / VND tends to decrease but not too strong, from 16,112 VND / USD 1 at day 2/1/2008 to 15,960 VND / USD 1 on the day 27/3 / 2008, also on the free market, the price then was from 15700-15800 VND / USD.
By the second quarter, due to several factors: trade deficit larger (7.22 billion dollars in 3 months from 4-6 months); demand for foreign currency to pay the debts of both import and export enterprises to high limit; gold imports increased by a large gap between domestic prices and international; foreign investors to withdraw capital from Vietnam by selling government bonds on the domestic net foreign currency transferred by the impact of the economic crisis, exchange rate tends to increase. 30/06/2008 from 16514 VND / USD. SBV decided to ease vibration amplitude from ± 1% to ± 2% (from 26/06/2008) and implementing a series of other measures: strict control of currency exchange agents, strengthen media, publish foreign exchange reserves of Vietnam (which has not precedents in Vietnam), ... Thus, the exchange rate has gradually softened and only Trio ~ 16,500 until the end of quarter 3.
From the end of 2008 , the economic downturn has seriously affected the supply of foreign currencies to Vietnamese Nam.Theo study, only in September and 11/2008, block foreign investors sold a net USD 0.7 billion of government bonds and 100 million shares phieucac loai..Ben addition, dollar demand of foreign banks remained high, estimated at $ 40 million / day. In addition, the trade deficit increased again signs. Only 2 months 10 and 11/2008, the trade deficit amounted to USD 1.17 billion. In addition, a further pressure makes the demand for USD by the State is not allowed to import gold, which increases demand for USD to import contraband more vang.Cong Currency hoarding mentality of the population has led to a situation scarce foreign currency, making the exchange rate is always hot, popular at ~ 1800. State Bank has again adjusted pulsation rate (± 3% from 06/11/2008) and deploy some other intervention tools. Thus, the exchange rate stabilized, demand for foreign currency in payment of essential items are fully meet the basic requirements.
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