Louis Pasteur (December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895), French scientist, who is a pioneer in the field of microbiology.He was born in the region of Dole but started going to school in Arbois. As a talented student Louis Pasteur to the pedagogical school of Paris (École normale supérieure). To make this desire, in October 1838 he moved to Paris. However because of disappointment with the new life here, he always intended on pedagogical school and left Paris to study at the Royal School in Besançon. In 1840, and in 1842, he took the baccalauréat in literature and Mathematics baccalaureate. With the study results value for this size, Louis Pasteur once again moved to Paris and finally in 1843 he was ranked fourth in the competition into the school of Paris and was admitted to study at the school. Here Louis Pasteur to study chemistry and physics and crystallography (cristallographie). On the Sunday afternoon, Louis Pasteur, often working in the laboratory of the famous chemist tiếngJean-Baptiste Dumas whereby he has accumulated knowledge and valuable skills for independent research work in the future. CrystallographyLouis Pasteur is protecting two thesis on chemistry and physics in 1847. In the field of crystallography, he had the first invention related to the polarization of the light. In 1848, Pasteur presented before the French Academy of Sciences about his research work in the field of crystallography. Pasteur discovered that the molecular structure of crystals which affects the refraction of light when studying the crystals of vàparatartrate tartrate. Then Pasteur quickly came to the conclusion that the products of living material is asymmetrical and is active on the light polarization. Pasteur stated that "life is a function of the computer lost the symmetry of the universe".Fermentation processAfter teaching in Dijon and Strasbourg (here in 1849, he married Marie Laurent, daughter of the Provost, and the two have five children), in 1854 Louis Pasteur was promoted to full professor at the Faculty of Sciences of Lille and was also the Dean of this faculty. He has set a very tight relationship between the work of his scientific research with industry at the time, and had but the findings extremely important. He discovered that yeast is the main cause of fermentation process.1857 (document 1856), Louis Pasteur became the Director of the scientific research of the school of pedagogy. He asked to get a warehouse of the school to establish a lab of his own. Here he continued the study of fermentation process in three years and write a scientific treatise on the causes of alcohol butyric fermentation. But also from 1858 he was the opposition to the theory of Abiogenic Archimède Pouchet củaFélix special. Pouchet has reported to the Academy of science in December 1858 that the money creature is born naturally in the air. Now that Louis Pasteur has said that scientists were wrong. In six years, net the two scientists in a row for the article as well as the reports at the Conference in order to prove the enemy wrong. Arrived on 7 April 1864, Pasteur, held a tạiSorbonne Conference. Here the results of Pasteur's experiment has conquered many Board experts, as well as the media. Pouchet must accept that he was wrong and from there native theory also does not exist in the life sciences.From the observed under the microscope, Pasteur biological world split into two large groups: the microorganisms AI gas (can't live without oxygen) and anaerobic microorganisms Group (can live in an environment without oxygen).Louis Pasteur in his laboratory, painting by a. Edelfeldt in 1885 The research about beer and wineAt the request of Emperor Napoleon III, Louis Pasteur conducted research on the transformation of the wine during the fermentation of grape juice. He discovered that all of this change are the creatures of "parasites" as they developed more of the micro-organisms necessary for the alcoholic fermentation process normally. He has guided those who made alcohol should only use clean sources of microorganisms, the parasite to avoid cases of damaged products.While trying to "figure out a viable remedy to treat diseases that he figured out the cause," Pasteur back invented a technique to minimize the contamination of cultured environment magazine by environmental heat up to about 55-60° C in conditions without air. This technique was later named the method of sterilizing Pasteur (pasteurisation), a method widely used in industry and preserving the wine.As for the brewing industry, he advised damn rap juice solution bacteria heat with the condition not to be infected by junk and then cooled before fermentation by yeast pure sources. Acid properties of the beer also has the effect of restricting the development of the parasite germ later as well as help preserve good beer after got into the bottle. Meister diseaseThough brilliant success in scientific terms but his management role at the not so. Here due to his personality, he stumbled to a lot of the opposition to the point where he eventually died. So he has more time to address scientific research work. From June 1865, Pasteur moved to Alès and spent four years here to research a disease hard to livestock nuôitằm. Here he was with his students plying research. Due to work pressure and, most important of all, the sad story of families (many of my family died due to illness), Pasteur had cerebral vascular accident on the night of 19 October 1868. Many people thought he could not survive, but only three months later he was back with the research work even though the body is still the heavy sequelae of the disease. Thanks to the meticulous observations of his own, he has recognized the Silkworms are sick and destroy their eggs before the disease spreads to other individuals. Here he also first raised the concept of "organic" with: "local" muscle may weaken the local body is often advantageous for the development of micro vậtvà so tend more with other individuals.The pathological study of infection in humans and animalsPasteur confirmed that infectious diseases in humans and animals is caused by microorganisms.From 1878 to 1880, he discovered the three strains of bacteria: Streptococcus streptococcus bacteria, staph bacteria (staphylococcus) and pneumococcal (pneumococcus). Comes from the concept that a disease is caused by a certain type of microorganisms due to pollution from the external environment, Pasteur had established important principles of comb. Postoperative mortality as post dropped a spectacular way thanks to the application of these principles.Pasteur also learn whether humans and animals can be immune against the heavy common infectious diseases such as Jenner have each done with smallpox or not. In 1880, Pasteur succeeded in generating immune to chicken against cholera by giving them exposure to bacteria cultured environment depicts the "old man" (this reduces pathogenic bacteria). The chicken is then likely against cholera when injected powerful pathogenic bacteria. Pasteur quickly applied the principle of this vaccine for infectious diseases such as anthrax disease in pigs.Rabies preventive treatmentThe immunization regimen some infectious diseases that have been standardized. The general rule is always the same: the first is isolated to be pathogens, cultured them to reduce pathogenic before injections for people.In the case of rabies, the pathogens are viruses, these micro-organisms are too small, this should not be seen under an optical microscope. Pasteur spent five years, from 1880 to 1885, to the study of this disease. Comes from the fact that rabies affects the nervous system, Pasteur predict that pathogens are located in the brain and spinal cord of infected people. When taking samples of the infected wild animals (dogs, rabbits ...) injected into healthy individuals, he had rabies expression in the animal. Pasteur used the spinal cord of rabbits infected with rabies virus to retrieve the bậnh wild and farmed this virus through many different systems. The virus gained fell pathogenic than strains of wild virus. The virus may not cause disease due to decreased pathogenic but can still retain count Antigen can stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against the disease.The first rabies vaccine on the basis of the reduced this pathogenic virus was Pasteur, after much thoughts, figuratively used on July 6, 1885
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