About 50% of the total amount of CO2 emitted by humans since the industrial revolution has dissolved into the oceans of the world, negatively affect the marine life.This is the conclusion of two new international studies. In the first study, scientists have focused on the amount of CO2 stored in the ocean. They discovered the world's oceans function as a giant tank to absorb greenhouse gases. According to them, the process of removing these gases from the Earth's atmosphere has slowed the global warmer. However, in the second, related research scientists said the "effect of tanks" is currently changing the chemical properties of the ocean. Change that has slowed the growth process of plankton, coral and other invertebrates animals-the most basic element in the ocean's food chain. The impact on marine life may be very serious.The missing CO2 Geophysical specialist Christopher Sabine, in the Department of atmospheric and ocean of America, said: ' ' the oceans are serving humanity by removing CO2 from the atmosphere. The problem is this help entail consequences for the ecological and biological structure of the oceans ' '. Sabine is the co-author of both studies.Is a type of greenhouse gas, CO2 traps solar heat in the Earth's atmosphere. This is the largest contribution of gases on the global warmer. Since fossil fuels are used heavily in about 1800, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has risen from about 280mg/l to 380mg/l. levels of CO2 in the atmosphere today only by about 50% compared with the amount that scientists had expected, based on estimates that each year people contribute billion tons of CO2 into the atmosphere. According to Sabine, half the amount of CO2 emissions were the oceans or terrestrial plants to absorb. Cement plant on the Volga River, Russia. For a long time, scientists suspect the ocean is a huge CO2 tank. The estimates of how CO2 is accumulating in the oceans of the world are based on computer models or other indirect methods. However, in the new study, the scientists collected samples of CO2 levels directly dissolving in the oceans all over the world throughout the 1990s. The data is collected at 9,600 points around the world in 95 separate research trips. This is the effort of the two international groups: ocean circulation experiment (WOCE) and the world studying global ocean Currents (JGOFS).Using data on the Sabine and researchers from the us, Europe, Australia, South Korea, Japan and other countries has completed the most complete survey of chemical structure of the ocean. The results show the oceans absorbed 48% of CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and cement production from 1800 to 1994. It suggests an answer to the question that led the scientists are confused here: half the amount of CO2 that scientists estimate the human waste into the atmosphere have gone where?Taro Takahashi, the Columbia University geochemistry study, said the answer is vital for two reasons: first, helps us understand the natural carbon cycle of the Earth; Second, forming a solid strategy for managing CO2 emissions. Sabine, head of research said that in addition to the atmosphere, the oceans of the world is the only large container for that human CO2 emissions in two centuries. He noted that much of the previous research focused only on the amount of CO2 that the plant cleaning several decades of Shu.The impact of the oceanAccording to research by Sabine and colleagues, the CO2 that the oceans have absorbed only 1/3 the amount which it may contain. They recommended: so, then warm the global can accelerate. Don't let the ocean ' to ' break ' belly '. In the second study, scientists discovered although the oceans are contributing to alleviate the global warm song of CO2 dissolved in it are causing harmful effects to biota. Richard Feely, a marine chemist in the Bureau of the National Oceanic and atmospheric of America is the head of the second study. He said: ' ' because CO2 is an acid gases should the pH in the water are reduced. pH is a measure of acid properties in ' '. If predictions by Feely given are true, the surface of the ocean, where we found the majority of sea creatures, may soon be highly acid than in years past. The increase of acid makes the animals forming the shell and some algae can hardly build carbonate ions from the seawater to form their calcium carbonate shells. Coral, several species of mollusks, tiny single-celled organisms (coincides with the hole) and coccolithophorid can be affected. Many of the species on the make up the important link in the marine food chain.Past studies have shown that if atmospheric CO2 at the rate of 700-800mg/l may occur by the end of this century, the shellfish will lose 25-45%. And science has yet to predict the consequences of energy shellfish slump against the food chain at this point.Mingshan (In National Geographic)
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