A major function of RBCs, also known as erythrocytes, is to transport hemoglobin, which, in turn, carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. In some animals, hemoglobin in the plasma protein circulates as free and is not enclosed in RBCs. When it is free in the plasma of the human being, about 3 percent of it leaks through the capillary membrane into the tissue spaces or through the glomerular membrane of the kidney into the glomerular filtrate each time the blood passes through the capillaries. Therefore, hemoglobin must remain inside RBCs to effectively perform its functions in humans.
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