Isaac Newton was born in a house at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham in Lincolnshire, England, on December 25, 1642 (January 4, 1643 according to the new calendar). He never once seeing the father, because his father, a farmer also named Isaac Newton Sr., died before he was born not long. Live unhappy childhood with his stepfather, Newton began his high school years of depression, away from home and was interrupted by the events of the family. Luckily, due to inability to finance operating as elders after her stepfather died, he continued to be for college (Trinity College Cambridge) in 1661 after the popular use of school scholarships conditions must serve students who pay tuition. The initial goal of Newton at Cambridge University as a lawyer with a degree program in philosophy of Aristotle heavy, but he was quickly fascinated by mathematics of Descartes, Galileo's astronomy and optics of Kepler. He wrote during this period: "Plato is my friend, Aristotle is my friend, but truth is the best friend of mine". However, most advanced mathematical knowledge most of the time, Newton access is by reading more books, especially since 1663, including the Elements of Euclid book, Clavis Mathematica by William Oughtred, La Géométrie Descartes, Geometria a Renato Des Cartes Frans van Schooten's, Algebra Wallis and works of François Viète. Immediately after receiving the diploma, in 1630, he had to return home because the school closed two years due to the plague spread TV. Two years witnessed a series of important developments of Newton with the method for calculating the differential and integral whole new, unified and simplified many different methods of calculating the time to solve the problem seems not directly related to each other as to find the area, find the tangent, length and extreme curves of the function. His mathematical talents were quickly recognized principal of Cambridge reopened the case. He received the school's faculty in 1670, after completing a master's, and began to study and lectures on optics. He first demonstrated white light is actually made up of many colors, and made improvements to the telescope using mirrors instead of lenses to limit the image blur caused by dispersion of light through glass. Newton elected to the Royal Society of Sciences in 1672 and start facing the rebuttal from Huygens and Hooke theoretically his light particles. The theory of the color of his light is also an author rebuttal and debate led to a mental breakdown in 1678. Newton Newton and Hooke in 1679 engaged in a renewed debate about the trajectory of celestial body in gravity. In 1684, Halley persuaded Newton to publish the calculations behind this debate Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica in his book (The Principles of Natural Philosophy). The book has brought fame beyond Newton England, to Europe. 1685, England political change under the reign of James II, and Cambridge must comply with these absurd laws as required granted by the cardinals not passed examinations. Newton vehemently opposed the intervention and after James was William III defeated, Newton was elected to the British Parliament thanks to his political struggle. in 1693, after years of doing chemistry experiments and power failure serious health decline, Newton abandon science, left Cambridge to the government took office in London. Newton actively participate in political activities and become rich from government perks. 1703 Newton was elected president of the Royal Society of Sciences and held it throughout the rest of his life. He was Queen style in 1705. Earl who invented the differential and integral calculus, Newton and Lepnic never argue at all, but the fans made the two disputing this great scientist left ashamed. He died March 31, 1727 in London.
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