Question 1: "Based on the film Great Depression (The Big Short), give the debt swap contracts
have contributed to the global financial crisis look like?"
CDS Definitions:
Tool Stock sect birth (CDS), also known as the swap contract credit risk
(credit Default swap), swap contracts or credit default risk. Initial CDS are a form
of insurance for bonds exists in the form of a securitized debt. CDS
is a derivative securities and has similarities with insurance contracts because this is a put-
upon swap risks. When participating in the CDS, CDS buyer pays the seller a fee
(called CDS spread) to be insured for credit default risk occurs when a third party falls
into insolvency cases. CDS fees normally associated closely with the credit rating of the
borrower; and is calculated according to the basic point (rate%) annually per unit of face value of the
contract.
But nature is like a contract of insurance, but how CDS are made anonymous
nature of the securities sect birth swap (swap contract) normal. The two parties
will interchangeable two cash flows: The buyer pays the seller CDS annual fee in line
throughout the term of the contract; while the seller pays the buyer the cash flow hedging. Cash flow
will be 0 if default does not happen and by loan value or face value of the left-
traded insurance if the borrower / issuer bond defaults. The market traded
CDS based on the regulation package is $ 10 million for a contract. When the possibility of bankruptcy
of the enterprise would cause CDS fee hikes. CDS fee divided by the standard 1 year, 2
years, 5 years and 10 years. Corresponding to each of the deadline will be the premium rates will be different
each other (like the term interest rate at the bank). The most common is for the 5-year CDS charge.
Thus, the nature of the CDS is a derivative securities to cover a
loan. Therefore, CDS is often associated with the operation of insurance companies.
Source:
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Highlands CDS staff contributed to the global financial crisis?
CDS was invented in 1997 by JP Morgan Chase bank. Initially, pure CDS is
an insurance contract the risky assets.
In 2000, the Congress had committed a mistake inexcusable when the law through 5660,
according to which the insurance contract liabilities a series of derivative financial products other than
under state supervision. Law 5660 was born from the lobbyists of the financial group
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adults, to help them comfortable issuing and trading of financial products bring
more profits but also taking high risks. These people were clever codification
in the 5660 parliamentary law just a day before the Christmas holiday, so it is passed
immediately without discussion necessary. Then chairman of the Federal Reserve Alan Greenspan
is a strong supporter of the free market to adjust. He said that the market is always
right and always wrong state, so the less state intervention in the market as possible. Alan
Greenspan has resisted all efforts to put the derivative financial products under the supervision
of state police, a move the United States to contribute to the worst crisis in
nearly 100 years.
In the market the CDS, contracts bingo and speculation of venture funds accounted for
more than half. CDS also scaling to both the housing stock based on that
approval. Because the banks are not being managed in the CDS insurance activities, the insurance they innocent
vạ without looking to see if he has enough money to pay for insurance if the other object is bankrupt
or not. When the housing bubble burst, banks, including the largest banks, no
money to pay for the CDS contracts and thus forced to declare bankruptcy mass. Meanwhile the
right hedge fund uses the plight of banks to sign with bank CDS
else and makes the situation becomes more serious. The bank pushed interest rates in the
high CDS contracts, but in the case of bank bankruptcy are other difficulties actually, they
have to pay huge amounts for the hedge fund will make banks lose liquidity.
source: https://cfovn.wordpress.com/2012/03/04/h%E1%BB%A3p-d%E1%BB%93ng- hoan-
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