ISSUES OF VIETNAM EXPORT IMPORT FROM CHINA ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN TWO COUNTRIES FROM 1991 TO 2015
I. ECONOMIC RELATIONS VIETNAM - CHINA DURING 1991 - 2001
1. Trade relations
a. The exports - imports between the two countries
in the first ten years since the normalization of relations in 1991, trade and economic relations China - Vietnam is recovering and growing rapidly. Especially after the Vietnam government policy proposed development of border trade to enhance economic cooperation, the economic relations - trade between the two countries has been strengthened. Commercial activities have developed export more positive direction and achieved some remarkable achievements. The trade methods are also becoming more diverse including the import and export quotas, export quota and temporarily imported for re-export; including major trade and quota are 2 main modes.
- Export also called for quota for quota trade: the export quota is a form of trafficking are many traders and businesses choose to transactions and trade with bordering countries close our country like China, Laos, Cambodia ... Trafficking for quota is the companies, production facilities, our country now contracts of the economy with foreign partners under the Agreement was signed.
- Trafficking quota, also called trade-quota or non-quota trade, is a form of legal international trade is conducted between the two peoples Water inhabit areas along the border that turnover per trading tangible goods of small value in accordance with the law.
- Trafficking quota also features as often (but not necessarily) Payment by cash, no purchase agreement. Trade quota is not smuggling business need permission. Goods transported across the border are still subject to examination by the tax authorities, quarantine, border, immigration, ...
- In the period 1991-2001 non-quota trade accounts for a large proportion, but also closed 1 role in meeting critical needs for the exchange of goods between the two countries and improve living conditions through the creation of new jobs, raise incomes for people in border areas and help they escape poverty before 2 countries normalized relations. The form of cross-border trade are varied contracting between firms, direct bartering between businesses and residents, mediated trade ... Participants include state companies, joint and private equity industry, people in border areas and other provinces.
- For the northern border province, in ten years, continue to implement the open door policy and innovation of the Party and the State and especially since the Government to allow the implementation of preferential policies for the development of border economic zones, the province was rapidly approaching and implementation, establishment of steering and assigned specific tasks level or branch concerned to organize synchronized preferential policies on investment and financial policies ... have attracted many businesses throughout the country participated on regular trade and investment in areas border economic area, attracting thousands of Chinese traders households rent at market stalls selling Mongcai, Tan Thanh making commercial activities, services and export thrive.
- Exchange goods through land borders with China accounting for a very important position in trade relations between the northern border provinces and Guangxi provinces - Yunnan China. The governments of both countries have built economic corridor of Kunming tuberculosis Cai-Hanoi-Hai Phong open the possibility good at promoting trade and economic relations of the two countries. Chinese export turnover - Vietnam from 1991 to 2000 Unit: million USD turnover year China exported to Vietnam Vietnam to China in 1991 31 21 10 1992 179 106 73 398 276 122 1993 1994 532 341 191 1995 720 332 1052 842 308 1996 1,150 1997 1,435 1078 357 1998 217 1245 1,028 1999 1,318 964 354 2000 2,466 1,537 929 Reviews: turnover - import between China and Vietnam in 1991 was $ 31 million, to 1997 increased nearly 50-fold to nearly 1,440 million. In 1991, China's trade surplus of $ 11 million to Vietnam, 1995 was $ 39 million, in 2000 the trade surplus of China to Vietnam rose a record $ 608 million (according to the table above). In 2000 is considered the year exports exchange between the two countries increased sharply, up to 2466 the total turnover of million, far exceeding the expected, and therefore the issue of Vietnam's trade deficit from Central China is also growing. As of 2000, China and Vietnam have signed over 20 agreements on economic and trade. b. The structure of exports - imports between Vietnam - China ► Vietnam Goods exports to China consists of 4 main groups: - Group of materials: coal, crude oil, metals and natural rubber. - agricultural Group: Food, tea, vegetables, rice, cassava, cashew nuts, tropical fruits ... - Group of fresh seafood and frozen - Consumer Group: handicrafts goods, shoes and leather use ... Table turnover of some products Vietnam exports to China in 2001 Unit Name No. Name Volume Value (USD) 1 Coffee Tan 6628 2,606,057 96,159 51,218,570 2 Rubber Attack 3 3,060,515 tons of crude oil 519 437 443 542 931 2,240 4 Rice Attack 5 Shoes of all kinds USD 5.0667 million USD 6 240 013 277 Seafood 5159 7 8,540,563 Tons Pepper 8 Computers and accessories USD 7,934,789 9 Coal Stone Tan 1,029,093 18,694,956 USD 10 78 135 Bicycle Parts ► Structure of imports of Vietnam from the Chinese market includes 5 main groups - Production line synchronization: Lines for production lines, cement furnace ... - Machinery and equipment: medical equipment, transport equipment, agricultural machines .. - Raw fuel: petrol, fertilizer, cement and steel, building materials, ... - agricultural commodities food, wheat, grapes, apples ... - Consumer goods, electronic products, toys, clothing, motorcycles ... In the period 1991 - 1995: The imported items of Vietnam stage mainly: herbs, cotton, textiles, knitwear and ready-made clothes, battery types, cigarettes, detergents, beverages, vegetable oil, sugar, milk, household appliances, vehicles Bicycle, paper ... Goods imported from China in large quantities, diverse categories, low quality but cheap, matching a low income so only after a short time has flooded the market Vietnam Male. Period 1996 - 2001 was the period in which imports goods from China into Vietnam increased relatively stable, rising 8 times compared with the period 1991 - 1995. China exported goods to Vietnam greatly rich and diverse (there are 200 groups and items, double the number of groups and items Vietnam to China). In the commodity and import categories above, goods are machinery and equipment accounted for 27, 95%, accounting for 19.7% of raw materials; 47% of consumer goods ... The group of large import volumes during this period are: agricultural machinery and agricultural and forestry products processing, equipment manufacturing kiln cement, machinery for textile, equipment Fertilizer manufacturing equipment and other types of small generators. Table of some commodities Vietnam imports from China in 2001 Unit Name No. Name Volume Value (USD) 1 plastics materials Xun 6625 5047225 2 Electronic Components, Computer USD 21,960,570 3 Machinery and equipment 249 362 420 spare parts USD 4 276 076 54,742,280 Tons Steel 5 Petrol kinds 1,034,914 Tons 231 660 056 6 1,955 Frame Motorcycle Ministry. 433.227.26 134 7 427 433 Tons Fertilizers 62,316,320 Total exports and imports between 1996 and 2000 5 of 7 northern border province (Lang Son, Lao Cai, Cao Bang, Quang Ninh, Ha Giang, Lai Chau and Dien Minutes) reached 3,594 million dollars, of which exports reached 2121.2 million USD, imports reached USD 1472.8 million. 2. Investor Relations - tourism Since Vietnam's National Assembly passed the Law on Foreign Investment (December 1987), foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam has increased, become a breakthrough in the Assembly international economic integration. Foreign direct investment actually contributed greatly to the economic development of socio - Vietnam, very remarkable. However, there are still concerns about the many problems against Vietnam was placed on the front of the new challenges in the process of receiving FDI so more effectively to sustainable development. In the wave of FDI into Vietnam, China has emerged and become a partner with investment volume continuous growth from 1991 to present. China's FDI in Vietnam is starting late May 11-1991, by an enterprise of Guangxi (China) joint venture with an enterprise in Hanoi, open restaurants H
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