Listening Comprehension in English, the difficulties and remedies 07/23/2013 (DHVH) - Today, English is the common language is the most widely used worldwide. That is the language of technical science, technology, commerce and information globally. English became a compulsory subject in all schools in Vietnam, especially in universities. In fact, in the process of learning English, students encounter many difficulties and problems are the most common difficulties in the course of listening comprehension skills. Within the scope of this article, we would like to mention the difficulty from the perspective visual learners, and find out their causes in order to offer some remedies to help learners overcome the towel, especially in the early stages when first learning to hear. 1. The definition of listening comprehension definition of scientists are given in different ways. As Field (1998: 38), the 'Listening is an intellectual process is not visible, so it is difficult description . The listener must distinguish sounds, understand the vocabulary and grammatical structures, understand the accent and intention of the speaker, able to recall and understand it in the context of socio-cultural expression. ' Anderson & Lynch (1988: 21) provides a definition of comprehension as follows: 'Listening Comprehension means understanding what the speaker has said. Listeners have particularly important role in the hearing process by applying their diverse knowledge to analyze what he heard to be able to understand the speaker's spokesman. ' Wolvin & Coakley (1985) defines listen more simply: 'Listen to that process auditory organ receiving, processing and identifying the message of the words.' The definition of listening, according to Van Tan and Nguyen Van Dam (1997) in ' Vietnamese dictionary 'is given as follows:' Listening is a process in which the auditory receptive to external sound and converts it to the central nervous system. Here, the sound is analyzed, converted into signals and transmitted to the senses helps form the human reflex to the sound. ' The definition above shows that listening is a problem solving skills (problem-Solving) complex. The task of listening is not only receiving sound, but it also requires an analysis and determine the message of speech. 2. These difficulties often encountered in the course Listening Usually, people always listen with a certain purpose. If the purpose of listening only to relax and recreation to relieve stress such as listening to music, the listener is almost no need to have any skills at all. However, if the purpose of listening is to get information, especially when listening to tapes or discs for learning foreign languages, the school should have some skills such as judgment before hearing, concentrate while listening , deduce information needed to hear from the important word in post (key words), analyze and synthesize the information heard. Listening skills are made up of a series of individual skills there. Most of the study have noted that if in the form of a written text can be simple for them in information processing, but also text Switch to say, the students encountered difficulties in grasping the main content of the article. Why is that? Here are the views of some authors to give learners the difficulties often encountered in the course of listening skills. 2.1. The view of some authors about hearing impairment. In Ur, P. (1996), author of many books on the language (language teaching), the learners often face difficulties following the learning to listen to: (1) Do not recognize the sounds that the British say, (2) There are routine must understand all the words in the sentence to understand the content of the article, (3) Can not understand when British Actions speak spontaneously, (4) Need to hear many times to understand, (5) Seeing is difficult to grasp all the information and do not predict what people talk about to say, (6 ) If you must listen to lengthen, the learner will feel fatigue and lack of concentration. When referring to the difficulty of the subjects learned to listen, two legal language school teacher Nguyen Bang and Nguyen Ba Ngoc also lists 6 Statistics tough out below: (1) Having difficulty with the English pronunciation, (2) Must understand all the words, (3) Do not understand when people speak fast Natural England, (4) Seeing difficult keep up the pace of the English speaking, (5) Need to listen to it many times, (6) Fatigue and frustration. In his book 'Teaching Listening', Underwood (1989) gives some difficulties of learners listen. These are: (1) Do not keep up the speed of the speaker, (2) Can not recall the information, (3) limited vocabulary, (4) Do not miss all the information heard (5) Do not grasp the information, (6) can not concentrate and (7) not formed the habit of listening. The difficulties in the learning process visual skills from the perspective of the learner are Authors Hoang Van Van, Nguyen Thi Chi and Hoang Thi Xuan Hoa (2006) outlined in the book 'Renewal of teaching English in High School Vietnam' as follows: (1) difficulty hearing sounds UK, (2) Must understand all the new words capture the intent of the speaker, (3) Do not understand native speakers when they speak fast naturally, (4) Need to listen to it several times, (5) See the elusive get all the information and failed to predict the next information, (6) Do not concentrate while listening. In short, according to the judgment of the scientists mentioned above, the school often difficulties encountered following popular while listening to: (1) Failure to recognize the sounds of English, (2) limited vocabulary, (3) lack of concentration while listening, (4) It is difficult to grasp catch the gist of listening, (5) Need to hear many times and (6) Do not keep up the pace of the speaker. 2.2. Some common difficulties of amateurs when students learn to listen By listing the difficulties of learning to listen to the views of professional scientists described above, we have built up the question survey questions to gather factual information to serve the research process to find out the difficulties that students do not specialize often encountered in the course of listening skills. In fact, according to the survey almost 80 students Members attending the second year department of Culture Tourism Culture University of Hanoi, the three most common difficulties in learning to hear is: (1) Failure to recognize the sounds of English (49%), (2) Lack of concentration while listening (57%), (3) It is difficult to grasp the main idea of listening (71%). 3. Causes of hearing impairment 3.1. The cause of the failure to recognize the sounds of English when asked about the cause of the trouble with the audio in English, 31% of people surveyed said that this difficulty is because they do not distinguish between homophones, especially words that are pronounced the same. 28% of students surveyed said the confusion between affirmative and negative form is the primary cause. Especially 40% of the students surveyed said they did not receive the necessary information is heard by a few characteristics in pronunciation speech chain (connected speech) in English, such as swallowing negative phenomena (elision ), in the form of weak pronounce some of the functions (weak form), the phenomenon of phonemes assimilation (assimilation), the phenomenon of contraction of the word (contraction), the phenomenon of negative connection (linking), .... As Thus, the students do not realize the negative in English mainly because (1) does not distinguish between homonyms and words that are pronounced almost the same, (2) confusion between affirmative and forms negative, especially by (3) a pronounced influence on the chain of English words. 3.2. The cause of the lack of focus when I heard The data obtained from the survey show that 30% of students said that the cause of the lack of focus when hearing is due to poor health while the number of students more ( 37%) consider the lack of experience when listening to their cause feels increasingly difficult to focus on listening. Whereas 32% of students surveyed think poor ability to focus their listening is because both cause on. From these figures we can conclude that the listener often lose the ability to concentrate hear when (1) the state of health is not good and (2) lack of experience in listening comprehension. 3.3. The cause of the inability to grasp the gist of the listening According to the data collected, this is the most common cause cause difficulty while listening to learners (71%). When asked about the causes of these difficulties, 36% of participants said that they could not grasp the main idea of listening because they do not know where that information is important to listen to the discussion. 37% of students for that reason they can not be the main content of all hear from the important words (key words) as c
đang được dịch, vui lòng đợi..
