Steel is an alloy with the main ingredient is iron (Fe), with carbon (C), from 0.02% to 2.14% by weight, and a number of other chemical elements. They increase the stiffness, restricted the movement of iron atoms in the Crystal structure under the action of many different causes. Different number of elements and their ratio in steel aims to control the quality objectives such as hardness, elasticity, strength, and bending practically pulled off. The rate of high carbon steel that can enhance the hardness and intense force than iron, but is brittle and easily broken. The rate of dissolution of carbon in iron is 2.14% by weight (low-alloyed) occur in 1,147 degrees C; If the amount of carbon was higher or lower melting temperatures during the manufacturing process, the product will be xementit have inferior forces. Mix with 2.06% higher carbon cast iron. Steel also be distinguished from wrought iron, wrought iron because there is little or no carbon, usually less than 0.035%. Nowadays people call the steel industry (not called the iron and steel industry), but historically, it's 2 different products. Today there are a few types of steel in which carbon is replaced by other materials, mixtures of carbon and if there is, just unpopular.Before the Renaissance period it was built of steel with much less effective methods, but to 17th century after finding more effective methods, the use of steel became more common. With the invention of the Bessemer process in the hold of the 19th century, steel became a kind of mass produced goods less expensive. In the production process as well as more refined methods of oxygen blowing, then lower the production cost at the same time increasing the quality of the metal. Today, steel is one of the most common materials in the world and is the main ingredient in construction, furniture, mechanical industry. Usually steel are categorized into various ranks and was the Organization reviews confirm private standards.The characteristic [page | edit source code]Well as most of the metals, iron, basically does not exist in the Earth's crust in the form of the element, it only exists in combination with oxygen or sulfur. Iron minerals include Fe2O3 — the form of iron oxide a has in the mineral Hematite, and FeS2-typical. Iron is taken from the ore by reduction of oxygen or iron combined with a chemical elements such as carbon. This process is called, was first applied to metals with lower melting points. Copper melts at a temperature of more than 1,080° C, while Tin melts at 250° c. Mix with carbon in 2.14% higher iron will be melted gang, in 1,200° c. All this temperature can be achieved with the old method has been used for at least 6,000 years ago. When chemical oxygen ratio rose rapidly to around 800° C the metallurgy must take place in a low oxygen environment.In the process of steelmaking the mixed carbon and iron can form many different structures with different characteristics. Understanding this is critical to quality steel metallurgy. In normal temperature, the most stable form of iron is iron ferrite centered cubic structure (BCC) or iron, a material of soft metal, can a small amount of degradable carbon (no more than 0.02% at 911 temperature° C). If on 911° C then the ferrite will move from the Center (BCC) to the cube face-centered (FCC), called low-alloyed, this type is also a material soft metals but it can be much more carbon decomposition (2.14% carbon 1,147 temperature° C). A way to remove carbon, low-alloyed out is kind of xementit out of that mixture, at the same time to pure iron in the form of ferrite, and create xementit-ferrite mixture. Xementit is a chemical compound with the formula Fe3C is.Modern steel [edit | edit source code]Load-bearing cables are made from high-tensile steelModern steel produced by many different alloy groups, depending on the chemical composition of elements for on that for us the right products with the use of separate them. Carbon steel consists of two main elements are iron and carbon, accounting for 90% of the proportion of steel products. Low alloy steel high-strength was added a few other elements (always
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