Unconscious facial expressions and "body language" often give information to other people. Many people's "hidden" emotions are actually quite visible to anyone who knows how to read people's faces. Some reactions are so widespread in all cultures that there seems to be a physical basis for them. All people react in the same way to certain exciting situations by breathing more rapidly and experiencing increased heart rates. Facial expressions of basic emotions, such as anger, surprise, excitement, and appear to be universal.Other reactions are not so universal. Many, but not all, people respond to an embarrassing situation by blushing (when the face and neck turn bright red). Some people show that they are bored by growing less activeand becoming sleepy or inattentive. Others respond to boring situations by becoming more active and showing physical signs such as feet or jiggling wiggling fingers. But for other people, such reactions may be united signs of nervousness or anxiety, not boredom.There are not only differences in this "silent language" between different people, but there are also important differences between cultures. Certain kinds of "silent language" give one particular message in one culture, but a conflicting message in another culture. For example, eye contact has very different meanings in different cultures. In American culture, if someone is shifty eyed while talking, it means that he or she is dishonest and cannot be trusted. But in many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of politeness and respect. Mistaken "body language" can often result in even more misunderstanding than using the wrong word or incorrect grammar.
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