Thermal conductivity in insulators, ceramics andpolymers is mainly attributed to the phonon component. The solid is imagined to contain a gas of phononssimilar to the electron gas in a metal. At the hot endof a solid the kinetic energy of the phonons isgreater than at the cold end. This energy is graduallytransferred from hot to cold by phonon-phononinteractions and by interactions between the phonons and the solid structure.
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