From a small wooden hut on a steep

From a small wooden hut on a steep hillside in Bhutan, a young boy watches over a handful of grazing yaks as the early morning fog lifts. On the other side of the world, a business executive pours herself a glass of cool water at the end of a sweltering day in New York City.
More than 3,200 km to the south, an aspiring tour guide studies a book on the birds of Costa Rica, anxious to impress her first tour group the following day. Some 12,800 km to the west, a fisherman in the tiny Pacific island nation of Kiribati heads home with his day's catch of fish, enough to feed his family and a few neighbors. Nearly 5,000 km to the north, a participant at the Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Nagoya places an order for a tuna sushi roll.
Though they may not realize it, each of these persons shares a common bond in a very real, tangible and vital way — each depends on a protected area for food, water, income and/or subsistence.
The yaks in Bhutan are grazing in Thrumsingla National Park, a place where Bhutanese have grazed their yaks for millenniums for milk and wool.
In New York, all 8 million residents, along with the 47 million annual visitors, rely on protected areas in upstate New York to supply their drinking water day in and day out. The tour guide in Costa Rica is soon to become part of her country's $2.2 billion nature-based industry, an industry that represents 8 percent of the nation's economy and over 13 percent of its employment.
The fisherman in Kiribati relies on the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area — the largest marine protected area in the world, larger even than California — to supply his family with daily protein. He is not alone — fish accounts for around three-quarters of the animal protein in Kiribati's national diet, a figure that is consistent throughout the Pacific islands. Most of the fish harvested for food get their start in the rich spawning grounds of the mangrove forests and coral reefs in marine protected areas, including tuna — the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area is one of the most significant breeding grounds of tuna in the world.
These examples illustrate the fundamental but often overlooked relationship between human welfare and the biodiversity found within protected areas; the species, ecosystems and ecological processes that compose the natural world are as basic to human existence as food and water.
For example, one-third of the world's largest cities, including Sao Paolo, Sydney and Tokyo among many others, obtain a significant portion of their drinking water directly from protected areas. This drinking water provides enormous savings to cities around the world: New York City has saved at least $6 billion in water treatment costs alone.
Similarly, hundreds of millions of people depend on forests for their livelihoods and subsistence, and wild animals make up more than 20 percent of animal protein in over 60 countries. Not only do protected areas directly provide food to people around the world, they also indirectly play a critical role in ensuring global food security — they harbor the wild relatives of globally important food crops, such as wheat, rice, potatoes and soybeans, which together make up more than two-thirds of the global food supply. By providing a natural stock of genetic diversity, these wild crop relatives help us regulate and treat potentially catastrophic crop diseases.
Perhaps the most important service that protected areas provide is the ability to help regulate the Earth's climate. Over 15 percent of global terrestrial carbon stocks are located in formal protected areas, with more in indigenous and community conserved lands, with an estimated value in the trillions of dollars.
Protected areas play a critical role not only in sequestering carbon, but also in enabling human and natural communities to adapt to climate change, as well as in buffering humanity from the worst of climate change impacts. Protected coral reef ecosystems alone contribute the equivalent of more than $9 billion per year in coastal protection around the world.
Over the past 40 years, the world's governments, nongovernmental organizations and communities have made unprecedented investments in establishing protected areas. As a result, the world's terrestrial protected areas now encompass more than 18 million sq. km, compared with just over 2 million sq. km in 1970. This estate represents nearly 14 percent of the world's terrestrial surface.
In addition, an estimated 10 percent of the Earth's surface is under the control of indigenous and community groups and are managed as conservation areas. Taken together, these areas continue to pay major dividends every year — a recent study called "The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity" estimates that the long-term benefits of protecting land are 250 percent greater than the benefits of converting that land to any other use.
In 2004, the governments around the world agreed upon a global Program of Work on Protected Areas under the Convention on Biological Diversity. This ambitious program calls for governments to establish comprehensive, ecologically representative, effectively managed and sustainably funded networks of terrestrial protected areas by 2010, and of marine protected areas by 2012.
This month, the world's governments are meeting in Nagoya to review global progress on protected areas, to develop a new 10-year strategic plan on biodiversity, and to renew their commitments to the Program of Work on Protected Areas.
Much has changed in the past six years: climate change has become a dominant global issue; there is a growing consensus that we need to step up efforts to meet the U.N. Millennium Development Goals and, in particular, to reduce poverty around the world; there is increasing recognition of the ongoing loss of biodiversity and critical ecosystem services; and the world has been struck by a global economic crisis.
All of these factors are influencing what society expects from protected areas. In addition to conserving biodiversity, protected areas are now expected to do more economically, socially and ecologically by maintaining the ecosystem services that support life on Earth, by enabling human and natural communities to adapt to climate change impacts, and to provide livelihoods and sustenance to the 2.2 billion people who live on less than $2 a day.
A new publication called "Protected Areas for the 21st Century" highlights the steps governments need to take in planning, managing, assessing and funding protected areas in order to meet these changing expectations and demands. The book focuses on three key contributions that protected areas can make beyond conserving biodiversity: provide sustainable livelihoods for the world's poorest communities, maintain key ecosystem services to sustain all life, and enable human and natural communities to adapt to climate change.
The book is published jointly by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and documents key findings from projects financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) through UNDP. A set of guidelines and good practices are provided, to enable countries to address the new challenges that confront protected area managers. The GEF has invested in more than 2,300 protected areas, covering more than 634 million hectares — an area equivalent to Greenland, Mongolia and Kazakhstan combined.
UNDP, one of the implementing agencies of the GEF, has supported more than 700 protected areas in 55 countries over the past five years, covering nearly every goal, target and action of the Program of Work on Protected Areas. The CBD is the primary global mechanism for conserving biodiversity and is largely responsible for the great strides in protected areas over the past half decade.
As governments and others gather together toward the end of 2010, the end of the first decade of the 21st Century and the officially designated Year of Biodiversity, it is a time for reflection. We have much cause to celebrate in the establishment of protected areas worldwide, and with them the safeguarding of the species and ecosystems upon which all life depends.
But we also have much more cause for concern. Protected areas and biodiversity face threats from all sides. Only one-third of protected areas worldwide are effectively managed, there is a financial gap measured in tens of billions of dollars, and protected areas are being mined for minerals, stripped of forests, dissected by roads and invaded by alien species.
A large number of the world's known species are at risk of extinction as a result of climate change, which is compounding existing pressures. With this loss comes the unraveling of basic life support systems. Many scientists agree that the next decade is critical in determining the direction of the 21st century and beyond.
Delegates at the COP10 CBD conference have some clear choices ahead. They may continue to view protected areas as a luxury investment, a vacation spot and a photo opportunity. Or they may begin to view protected areas as the true social, economic and ecological investments that they are. The long-term well-being of all of us — yak herders, business executives, tour guides, fishermen, and national delegates alike — may well depend on that choice.

Kết quả (Anh) 1:

From a small wooden hut on a steep hillside in Bhutan, a young boy watches over a handful of grazing yaks as the early morning fog lifts. On the other side of the world, a business executive pours herself a glass of cool water at the end of a sweltering day in New York City.More than 3.200 km to the south, an aspiring tour guide studies a book on the birds of Costa Rica, anxious to impress her first tour group the following day. Some 12.800 km to the west, a fisherman in the tiny Pacific island nation of Kiribati heads home with his day's catch of fish, enough to feed his family and a few neighbors. Nearly 5.000 km to the north, a participant at the Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Nagoya places an order for a tuna sushi roll.Though they may not realize it, each of these persons shares a common bond in a very real, tangible and vital way — each depends on a protected area for food, water, income and/or subsistence.The yaks in Bhutan are grazing in Thrumsingla National Park, a place where Bhutanese have grazed their yaks for millenniums for milk and wool.In New York, all 8 million residents, along with the 47 million annual visitors, rely on protected areas in upstate New York to supply their drinking water day in and day out. The tour guide in Costa Rica is soon to become part of her country's $ 2.2 billion nature-based industry, an industry that represents 8 percent of the nation's economy and over 13 percent of its employment.The fisherman in Kiribati relies on the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area — the largest marine protected area in the world, larger even than California — to supply his family with daily protein. He is not alone — fish accounts for around three-quarters of the animal protein in Kiribati's national diet, a figure that is consistent throughout the Pacific islands. Most of the fish harvested for food get their start in the rich spawning grounds of the mangrove forests and coral reefs in marine protected areas, including tuna — the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area is one of the most significant breeding grounds of tuna in the world.These examples illustrate the fundamental but often overlooked relationship between human welfare and the biodiversity found within protected areas; the species, ecosystems and ecological processes that compose the natural world are as basic to human existence as food and water.For example, one-third of the world's largest cities, including Sao Paolo, Sydney and Tokyo, among many others, to obtain a significant portion of their drinking water directly from protected areas. This drinking water provides enormous savings to cities around the world: New York City has saved at least $ 6 billion in water treatment costs alone.Similarly, hundreds of millions of people depend on forests for their livelihoods and subsistence, and wild animals make up more than 20 percent of animal protein in over 60 countries. Not only do protected areas directly provide food to people around the world, they also indirectly play a critical role in ensuring global food security — they harbor the wild relatives of globally important food crops, such as wheat, rice, potatoes and soybeans, which together make up more than two-thirds of the global food supply. By providing a natural stock of genetic diversity, these wild crop relatives help us regulate and treat potentially catastrophic crop diseases.Perhaps the most important service that protected areas provide is the ability to help regulate the Earth's climate. Over 15 percent of global terrestrial carbon stocks are located in formal protected areas, with more in indigenous and community conserved lands, with an estimated value in the trillions of dollars.Protected areas play a critical role not only in sequestering carbon, but also in enabling human and natural communities to adapt to climate change, as well as in buffering humanity from the worst of climate change impacts. Protected coral reef ecosystems alone contribute the equivalent of more than $9 billion per year in coastal protection around the world.Over the past 40 years, the world's governments, nongovernmental organizations and communities have made unprecedented investments in establishing protected areas. As a result, the world's terrestrial protected areas now encompass more than 18 million sq. km, compared with just over 2 million sq. km in 1970. This estate represents nearly 14 percent of the world's terrestrial surface.In addition, an estimated 10 percent of the Earth's surface is under the control of indigenous and community groups and are managed as conservation areas. Taken together, these areas continue to pay major dividends every year — a recent study called "The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity" estimates that the long-term benefits of protecting land are 250 percent greater than the benefits of converting that land to any other use.In 2004, the governments around the world agreed upon a global Program of Work on Protected Areas under the Convention on Biological Diversity. This ambitious program calls for governments to establish comprehensive, ecologically representative, effectively managed and sustainably funded networks of terrestrial protected areas by 2010, and of marine protected areas by 2012.This month, the world's governments are meeting in Nagoya to review global progress on protected areas, to develop a new 10-year strategic plan on biodiversity, and to renew their commitments to the Program of Work on Protected Areas.Much has changed in the past six years: climate change has become a dominant global issue; there is a growing consensus that we need to step up efforts to meet the U.N. Millennium Development Goals and, in particular, to reduce poverty around the world; there is increasing recognition of the ongoing loss of biodiversity and critical ecosystem services; and the world has been struck by a global economic crisis.All of these factors are influencing what society expects from protected areas. In addition to conserving biodiversity, protected areas are now expected to do more economically, socially and ecologically by maintaining the ecosystem services that support life on Earth, by enabling human and natural communities to adapt to climate change impacts, and to provide livelihoods and sustenance to the 2.2 billion people who live on less than $2 a day.A new publication called "Protected Areas for the 21st Century" highlights the steps governments need to take in planning, managing, assessing and funding protected areas in order to meet these changing expectations and demands. The book focuses on three key contributions that protected areas can make beyond conserving biodiversity: provide sustainable livelihoods for the world's poorest communities, maintain key ecosystem services to sustain all life, and enable human and natural communities to adapt to climate change.The book is published jointly by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and documents key findings from projects financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) through UNDP. A set of guidelines and good practices are provided, to enable countries to address the new challenges that confront protected area managers. The GEF has invested in more than 2,300 protected areas, covering more than 634 million hectares — an area equivalent to Greenland, Mongolia and Kazakhstan combined.UNDP, one of the implementing agencies of the GEF, has supported more than 700 protected areas in 55 countries over the past five years, covering nearly every goal, target and action of the Program of Work on Protected Areas. The CBD is the primary global mechanism for conserving biodiversity and is largely responsible for the great strides in protected areas over the past half decade.As governments and others gather together toward the end of 2010, the end of the first decade of the 21st Century and the officially designated Year of Biodiversity, it is a time for reflection. We have much cause to celebrate in the establishment of protected areas worldwide, and with them the safeguarding of the species and ecosystems upon which all life depends.But we also have much more cause for concern. Protected areas and biodiversity face threats from all sides. Only one-third of protected areas worldwide are effectively managed, there is a financial gap measured in tens of billions of dollars, and protected areas are being mined for minerals, stripped of forests, dissected by roads and invaded by alien species.A large number of the world's known species are at risk of extinction as a result of climate change, which is compounding existing pressures. With this loss comes the unraveling of basic life support systems. Many scientists agree that the next decade is critical in determining the direction of the 21st century and beyond.
Delegates at the COP10 CBD conference have some clear choices ahead. They may continue to view protected areas as a luxury investment, a vacation spot and a photo opportunity. Or they may begin to view protected areas as the true social, economic and ecological investments that they are. The long-term well-being of all of us — yak herders, business executives, tour guides, fishermen, and national delegates alike — may well depend on that choice.

Kết quả (Anh) 2:

From a small wooden hut on a steep hillside in Bhutan, a young boy watches over a handful of grazing yaks as the early morning fog lifts. On the other side of the world, a business executive pours herself a glass of cool water at the end of a sweltering day in New York City.
More than 3,200 km to the south, an aspiring tour guide studies a book on the birds of Costa Rica, anxious to impress her Artist sau day group tour first. Some 12,800 kilometers to the west, a tiny Pacific island fisherman in the nation of Kiribati heads home with his day's catch of fish, enough to feed his family and neighbors vài. Nearly 5,000 km to the north, a participant at the Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in Nagoya places an order for a tuna sushi roll.
Though unfortunately not realize it chúng, each of Shares a common bond những persons in a very real , tangible and Vital way - each depends on a protected area for food, water, income and / or subsistence.
The yaks in Bhutan are grazing in Thrumsingla National Park, a place where Bhutanese have for millenniums yaks grazed ask for their milk and wool for.
Print New York, all 8 million Residents, along with the 47 million Annual visitors, rely on protected areas to upstate New York to supply in drinking water chúng day in and day out. The tour guide in Costa Rica is soon to Become part of the her country's $ 2.2 Billion nature-based industry, an industry mà là 8 percent of the nation's economy for over 13 percent of its employment.
The fisherman in Kiribati relies on the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area - the largest marine protected area in the world, larger coal thậm California - to supply his family with protein daily. He is not alone - accounts for around three-fish quarters of the animal protein in Kiribati's national diet, a figure Consistent throughout the Pacific nằm islands. Most of the fish Harvested for food in the rich get chúng start spawning grounds of the mangrove forests and coral reefs in marine protected areas to, gồm tuna - the Phoenix Islands Marine Protected Area is one of the most significant of tuna breeding grounds in the world.
These examples illustrate the relationship Fundamental overlooked but often Do giữa human welfare and the Biodiversity found trong protected areas to; the species, ecosystems and Ecological processes mà compose the natural world are as basic to human Existence as food and water.
For example, one-third of the world's largest cities, gồm Sao Paolo, Sydney and Tokyo Among many others, lấy a the significant portion chúng drinking water of protected areas to trực from. This drinking water provides Enormous savings to cities around the world: New York City has saved at Least $ 6 Billion in water treatment Costs alone.
Similarly, hundreds of Millions of People depend on forests for ask for their livelihoods and subsistence, and wild animals make up more coal 20 percent of animal protein in over 60 Countries. Not only due to protected areas to trực cung người food around the world, play a critical chúng am also indirectly in Ensuring global food security role - they harbor the wild relatives of food globally trọng cropper, như wheat, rice, potatoes and soybeans, mà together Make up two-thirds of coal more of the global food supply. By Providing a natural stock of genetic diversity, crop wild relatives những help us Regulate and treat Diseases Potentially catastrophic crop.
Perhaps the Most Important mà protected areas to service the ability to help cung is the Earth's climate Regulate. Over 15 percent of global terrestrial carbon stocks are located in protected areas to formal, with more in indigenous and community conserved lands, with an Estimated value in the trillions of dollars.
Protected areas to play a critical role not only in sequestering carbon, but am also in Enabling human and natural to adapt to climate change Communities, as well as in buffering humanity from the worst impacts of climate change. Protected coral reef ecosystems alone the equivalent of more coal Contribute $ 9 Billion per year in coastal protection around the world.
Over the past 40 years, the world's Governments, nongovernmental Organizations and Communities have made ​​unprecedented Investments in protected areas to lập. As a result, the world's terrestrial protected areas to more coal now 18 million sq Encompass. km, with just over 2 million sánh sq. km in 1970. Nearly 14 percent là This estate of the world's terrestrial surface.
In addition passing, an Estimated 10 percent of the Earth's surface is under the control of indigenous and community groups and are managed as conservation areas to. Taken together, areas to continue to pay major những dividends every year - a recent gọi study "The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity" Long-term rằng Estimates benefits are 250 percent of vệ land greater than the benefits of converting to any other land use mà .
In 2004, the Governments around the world Agreed upon a Program of Work on Protected global Areas Convention on Biological Diversity under the. This ambitious program calls for Governments to lập kiểm, ecologically Representative, effectively and sustainably managed protected areas to Funded networks of terrestrial by 2010, and of marine protected areas to by 2012.
This month, the world's Governments are meeting in Nagoya to review global progress on protected which areas, to develop a new 10-year Strategic plan on Biodiversity, and to renew có Commitments to the Program of Work on Protected Areas.
Much has changed in the past six years: climate change has Become a dominant global issue; Growing consensus there is a need to step up mà chúng to meet the UN Millennium efforts into Development Goals and, in Particular, to Reduce Poverty around the world; there is recognition of the ongoing tăng loss of Biodiversity and ecosystem services critical; and the world by a global Đã Economic crisis struck.
All of These Factors are influencing what society expects from protected areas to. In to addition to conserving Biodiversity, which areas are protected by more economically now expected to, Socially and ecologically by Maintaining the ecosystem services support life on Earth mà, by Enabling human and natural to adapt to climate change diễn impacts, and to cung livelihoods and sustenance to the 2.2 Billion People who live on less coal $ 2 a day.
A new publication gọi "Protected Areas for the 21st Century" highlights the steps Governments need to take in planning, Dressing,, Assessing and Funding protected areas to in order to meet These changing expectations and Demands. The book focuses on three key Contributions mà protected areas to can make beyond conserving Biodiversity: cung Sustainable livelihoods for the world's poorest diễn, Maintain key ecosystem services to sustain all life, and enable human and natural diễn to adapt to climate change.
The book is published jointly by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and documents key findings from projects financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) through UNDP. A set of guidelines and good practices are given below, to enable to address the new Challenges Countries mà protected area managers confront. The GEF has Invested in 2,300 protected areas to more coal, covering 634 million hectares more coal - an area equivalent to Greenland, Mongolia and Kazakhstan combined.
UNDP, one of the Implementing Agencies of the GEF, has supported 700 protected areas to more coal in 55 Countries Over the past five years, covering Nearly every goal, target and action of the Program of Work on Protected Areas. The CBD is the primary global mechanism for conserving Biodiversity and is largely responsible for the great strides over the past in protected areas to half decade.
As Governments and others gather together Toward the end of 2010, the end of the first decade of the 21st Century and Officially designated the Year of Biodiversity, it is a time for reflection. We have much cause, to Celebrate the Establishment of protected areas to print worldwide, and with the safeguarding of the species added and ecosystems depends upon mà all life.
But much more chúng cũng-cause for concern have. Protected Areas and Biodiversity face threats from all sides. Only one-third of effectively managed protected areas to worldwide are, there is a gap measured in tens of Financial billions of dollars, and which areas are being mined for protected minerals, stripped of forests, dissected by roads and invaded by alien species.
A large number of the World's known species are at risk of extinction as a result of climate change, compounding existing mà pressures. With this loss comes the unraveling of basic life support systems. Many scientists of the next decade mà agree is critical in the direction of the 21st quyết century and beyond.
Delegates at the CBD COP10 conference ahead have some clear choices. They continue to view protected areas to sew as a luxury Investments, a vacation spot for a photo opportunity. Or chúng sewing begin to view protected areas to as the true social, Economic and Ecological Investments mà chúng. The long-term well-being of all of us - yak herders, business executives, tour guides, Fishermen, and national delegates alike - depend on mà choice sew well.