Quá trình oxy hóa propionic acid cầ

Quá trình oxy hóa propionic acid cần thêm 3 phản ứng sau:
1) Carboxyl hóa propionyl-CoA tạo ra D-methylmalonyl-CoA nhờ propionyl-CoA carboxylase xúc tác.
Bước 2. Quá trình  oxy
2) Đồng phân hóa methylmalonyl-CoA nhờ enzyme methyl malonyl-CoA epimerase xúc tác tạo ra L-methyl malonyl-CoA.
3) Tái sắp xếp nhóm chức trong phân tử L-methyl malonyl-CoA nhờ enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase chứa coenzyme B12 xúc tác tạo ra succinyl-CoA, chất trao đổi trung gian của chu trình Krebs.
Sơ đồ β- oxy hóa axit béo bão hòa - Lợi ích của beta oxy hoá axit béo: tạo năng lượng và nguyên liệu cho các quá trình tổng hợp các chất mới ở các cơ quan mới hình thành.
Ví dụ: Tính năng lượng sinh ra khi beta oxy hoá axit béo có 18 cacbon - Một vòng beta oxy hoá axit béo tạo ra 5ATP khi tách khỏi axit béo 2 cacbon và 1 acetyl-CoA. - 1 acetyl-CoA vào chu trình Krebs tạo 12 ATP.
- Do đó beta oxy hoá hoàn toàn axit béo có 18C phải qua 8 vòng tạo 9 acetyl-CoA nên tổng năng lượng là: (5ATPx 8 ) +(12ATP x9)=148ATP. - Để hoạt hoá axit béo lúc đầu cần 1 ATP do đó năng lượng giải phóng là: 148ATP- 1ATP=147ATP. Vậy beta oxy hoá a xit béo có 18C tạo năng lượng: 147ATP.
 Sự hình thành và chuyển hóa thể cetone Ở động vật, trong quá trình β-oxy hóa acid béo, acetyl-CoA được tạo ra rất nhiều. Tế bào gan chỉ sử dụng một phần nhỏ acetyl-CoA cho nhu cầu của mình cho nên phần lớn acetyl-CoA được đưa đến các mô bào khác để sử dụng. Thể ketone được hình thành ở tế bào gan là dạng chuyển vận trung gian của acetyl- CoA. Quá trình tạo ra thể cetone có thể tóm tắt như sau: acetoacetyl-CoA hình thành từ 2 phân tử acetyl-CoA nhờ enzyme thiolase xúc tác sẽ trùng ngưng tiếp với acetyl-CoA thứ 3 nhờ enzyme β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG- CoA synthase) xúc tác nhằm tạo ra β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG- CoA). Tiếp theo HMG-CoA bị phân giải thành acetyl-CoA và acetoacetate nhờ enzyme HMG-CoA lyase xúc tác. Acetoacetate sau đó dễ dàng bị khử thành β- hydroxy butyrate nhờ enzyme β-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase. Mặt khác acetoacetate cũng tạo ra acetone do enzyme acetoacetate decarboxylase xúc tác.
4. SỰ OXY HÓA GLYXEROL

Kết quả (Anh) 1:

Propionic acid oxidation need 3 more reactions: 1) propionyl-CoA chemistry Carboxyl D-methylmalonyl-CoA generated due to propionyl-CoA carboxylase catalyst. Step 2.  oxygen process 2) isomerization methylmalonyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA epimerase methyl enzyme thanks catalyzed create L-methyl-malonyl CoA. 3) re arranged functional groups of molecules of malonyl CoA-methyl L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase enzyme thanks contains coenzyme B12-catalyzed succinyl-CoA generated, metabolites of the Krebs cycle. Diagram of the β-oxidation of fatty acid saturation-the benefits of beta oxidation of fatty acids: creating energy and raw materials for the synthesis of new substances in the newly formed Agency. For example, Calculate the energy generated when beta has 18-carbon fatty acid oxidation-a round of beta oxidation of fatty acids to create 5ATP when separated from the fatty acid and reductive acetyl-CoA CoA-1 carbon 2. -1 the reductive acetyl-CoA-CoA in the Krebs cycle to create 12 ATP. -So beta oxidation of fatty acids altogether has 18 c to over 8 laps created the reductive acetyl-CoA CoA-9, so the total energy is: (8-5ATPx) + (12ATP x 9) = 148ATP. -To activated fatty acids at first need ATP so that the energy released is: 148ATP-1ATP = 147ATP. Such a fatty xit antioxidant beta 18 c powering: 147ATP.  formation and metabolism can cetone in animals, in the process of β-oxidation of fatty acids, the reductive acetyl-CoA-CoA was created very much. Liver cells using only a small part of the reductive acetyl-CoA-CoA for his needs for the majority of the reductive acetyl-CoA CoA-should be brought to the tissue cells to use. Can ketone is formed in the liver cells are transported of the reductive acetyl-CoA-CoA. The process of creating can cetone can be summarized as follows: acetoacetyl-CoA formed from the reductive acetyl-CoA molecule 2-CoA thiolase enzyme catalyzed thanks will coincide with the reductive acetyl-CoA CoA-suspended Tuesday due to enzyme β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase)-catalyzed β-hydroxy-to produce β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). HMG-CoA was next into the reductive acetyl-CoA CoA and acetoacetate-enzyme HMG-CoA lyase thanks to catalyst. Acetoacetate is then easily reduced into β-hydroxy butyrate β-hydroxy butyrate dehydrogenase enzyme thanks. On the other hand acetoacetate acetone by acetoacetate enzyme also produces catalytic decarboxylase. 4. The ANHYDROUS GLYCEROL OXIDATION

Kết quả (Anh) 2:

Propionic acid oxidation reactions need to add 3:
1) propionyl-CoA carboxylation create methylmalonyl-CoA D-CoA carboxylase by propionyl-catalyst.
Step 2. The process of oxygen 
2) methylmalonyl-CoA isomer malonyl-CoA enzyme epimerase and racemase methyl catalytic L-methyl produce malonyl-CoA.
3) Reschedule molecule functional groups in malonyl-CoA methyl L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase enzyme containing coenzyme B12 catalytic succinyl-CoA generated , intermediate metabolites of the Krebs cycle.
chart β- oxidation of saturated fatty acids - Benefits of beta oxidation of fatty acids: for energy and raw materials for the synthesis of new substances in the bodies new forms.
For example: Calculate the energy generated by the beta oxidation of fatty acids with 18 carbon - Another round of beta oxidation of fatty acids created when separated from fatty acids 5ATP 2 acetyl-CoA carbon and 1. - Acetyl-CoA into 1 Krebs cycle produce 12 ATP.
- So entirely beta oxidation of fatty acids with over 8 rounds 18C to acetyl-CoA 9 should generate a total energy is: (5ATPx 8) + (12ATP x9) = 148ATP. - For the first time activation of fatty acids needed 1 ATP energy thus liberated is: 148ATP- 1ATP = 147ATP. So beta oxidation of fatty acids for energy 18C: 147ATP.
 The formation and metabolism can cetone In animals, the process of β-oxidation of fatty acids, acetyl-CoA is generated lots. Liver cells only use acetyl-CoA small part for its own needs for acetyl-CoA should largely be taken to the other tissues for use. Ketones are formed in the liver cells is mediated transport format of acetyl- CoA. The process of creating cetone can be summarized as follows: acetoacetyl-CoA molecules formed from acetyl-CoA 2 enzyme thiolase will catalyze condensation with acetyl-CoA enzyme β 3 β-hydroxy-methyl CoA synthase (HMG- CoA synthase) catalyzes to produce β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG- CoA). HMG-CoA next be acetyl-CoA resolved and HMG-CoA acetoacetate ratio lyase enzyme catalysis. Then easily acetoacetate ratio is reduced to hydroxy butyrate β- β-hydroxy butyrate thanks dehydrogenase enzyme. On the other hand also creates acetone acetoacetate ratio acetoacetate ratio due decarboxylase enzyme catalysis.
4. The oxidation of glycerol