How did the global financial crisis started in 2008 occur?in 1990, under President Clinton's term, loosening policy monitoring/solve was further expanded with the participation of Greenspan, Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin and Larry Summers, Professor of Economics at Harvard University In 1998, The merger between Citicorp and Travelers Bank violate the Glass-Steagall law, which was passed from the time of the great depression in 1930s, do not allow commercial banks received deposits of people's savings are capitalists. Though the merger is breaking the law, Greenspan said nothing, the Fed launched a one-year exemption. In 1999, at the urging of Larry Summers and Robert Rubin, Congress passed the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Law, known as the law of the rescue of Citigroup (Citigroup Relief Act). This law replaced the Glass-Steagall, paved the way for the birth of the world's largest financial, Citigroup, and other similar mergers in the future.Next, in 1990 as the giant balloons in the name "Internet technology stocks", the bubble burst in 2001 5000 billion loss of the investors. The U.s. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did nothing.In the new system, lenders sell mortgages for investment banks. This Bank of thousands of loans to pair this with different credit types, to become a kind of chemical securities, called CDO. Suddenly, hundreds of billions of dollars are put into this annual investment channel. The biggest financial bubble in history was created. Collapse of the CDO market, freezing property and crisis started.What are the reasons of the crisis?The direct cause of:Debt under standard: is the loans for low credit level object. The debt loans under standard of a degenerate way in a short time led to the loss of control of credit, is one of the causes that created the crisis.Securitization is the process of bringing the property into the secondary market, where they can exchange. It has turned the poor liquidity of assets into securities that have high liquidity. When increased credit risk, the more stock prices plummeted and continue the spiral of crisis.The level of confidence of the companies: Moody's, Standard & Poor. was hired to rank for the CDO type AAA, attractive to the buyer. This is also a buyer scams CDO.Indirectly:The message: that is the removal or easing of regulations on the market called "deregulation". Deregulation opened the way for the formation of giant financial companies along with the advent of complex financial products known as derivatives. Deregulation and major derivatives have caused indiscriminate lending banks has led to colossal bubble property market, for the crisis.Second: A fundamental cause leading to the crisis are the requirements of the law on transparency and the capacity check, the supervision of the State authorities have not caught up with the deep transformation of the market, besides the Government, the Parliament, the Finance Minister, the FED does not realize the true extent of the danger of the situation , did not have the effect of preventing. Tuesday: personal interests did blurred the element has an important role with regard to the mobilization of the financial markets.Which lessons can be drawn?General lesson:Firstly, the crisis showed the thought floated completely for free market activity and the trend of diminishing and the Elimination of State management in the economic activity is not the right thing. The issue of reform and strengthening management, monitoring of financial systems in each country and on a global scale is almost should accept. Second: the tight control over international capital flows and the supervision of financial products have high risks.Tuesday: more than ever the need for international coordination of measures against the crisis and recession as high as today's world is too interdependent.Lesson for Viet Nam:Vietnam needs a strategy to continue development of economic relations of bilateral and multilateral, and to promote investment in domestic resources such as infrastructure, human capital. The role of the State should push in both sides: more active in the activities of international coordination and management capacity and financial system surveillance of banks.
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