How did the global Financial crisis Started in 2008 occur?
In the two terms of President Clinton in 1990, easing monitoring is continuing to expand .. ("Began Since deregulation, the world's biggest Financial Firms past tense caught Laundering money, defrauding customers table, and ask for their cooking books, again and again and again. ")
In 1998, Citicorp and Travelers intending to merge. The merger violated the provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act. In 1999 the US Congress passed the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ("In 1999, at the urging of Summers and Rubin, Gramm-Leach Congress Passed the-Bliley Act, known to some as the Citigroup Relief Act. It overturned Glass-Steagall , and cleared the way for future mergers ").
The bank has "blown" bubble called "Internet technology stocks", the bubble burst in 2001, 5000 billion USD damage. ("The next crisis came at the end of the '90s. The Investment banks fueled a massive bubble in Internet stocks, mà was sau by a crash in 2001 caused 5 trillion dollars in mà Investment losses").
In the new system, the lenders sell mortgages to investment banks. The bank transplant thousands of these loans with other types of credit, to become a securitization, called CDO. Suddenly, hundreds of billions of dollars are invested into this channel annually. The biggest financial bubble in history was created. CDO market crash, freeze and real estate crisis started.
What are the Reasons of the crisis?
The direct cause:
Subprime Debt: the loans for those who have a low credit rating. The subprime lending a degeneration in a short time leads to the loss of control of credit, is one of the causes of the crisis.
securitization is the process of bringing to market the collateral secondary schools, where they can exchange. It turned illiquid assets into securities with high liquidity. When the credit risk increases, the stock price plummeted even further and spin crisis.
The credit rating companies: Moody's, Standard & Poor ..duoc rent to rank for the CDO type, AAA to appeal buyers guide. This is a cheat buyers CDO.
Indirect causes:
First, there is the abolition or reduction of regulation on the market called "deregulation". Deregulation opened the way for the formation of giant financial firms with the advent of complex financial products called derivatives. Government deregulation and derivatives has led banks to lend indiscriminately led to huge bubble in the real estate market, triggered the crisis.
Monday: A fundamental causes leading to the crisis is the love requirements of the law on transparency and capacity control and supervision of the state agency has not caught up with the profound transformation of the market, besides the government, parliament, finance minister The Fed is not aware of the dangerous situation, the decision has no deterrent effect.
Third: personal interests were blinded these elements have an important role for the movement of the market financial market.
Which lessons can be drawn?
General lesson:
First, the crisis suggests ideas to float completely free market activity and movement to reduce and eliminate the state management of activities economics is not right. Problem reform and strengthen the management and supervision of the financial system in each country and on a global scale is almost accept.
Secondly, the strict control over international capital flows and have the supervision of financial products with high risks.
Thirdly, more than ever needs international coordination of anti-crisis measures and rising recession because today's world is too interdependent.
Lesson for Viet Nam:
Vietnam needs to continue developing strategic relationships multilateral economic and bilateral, simultaneous boost investment in domestic resources such as infrastructure, human capital.
Shoulders role of the state should be promoted in two aspects: more active in the activities of international coordination and capacity to manage and monitor financial and banking system.
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