Manganese is the element located at VIIIB, Group IV period in the periodic table of chemical elements. Manganese makes up 0.1% of the Earth's crust. It is found in the free form in nature (sometimes in combination with iron), and in a number of minerals. In the form of the free element, manganese is a metal important in industrial alloys, especially stainless steel. The most important manganese ore is pyrolusite (MnO2) ore. The other important ore often has the distribution related to the iron ore.
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